Inventory of the Paris Cleveland Gardner Papers, 1834-1976
[top]Descriptive Summary
TitleParis Cleveland Gardner Papers, 1834-1976
Creator
Gardner, Paris Cleveland, 1887-1974
Extent
5.4 Linear Feet
3,156 Items
Repository
3,156 Items
Duke University Rare Book, Manuscript, and Special Collections Library
Language
English.
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Administrative Information
Access RestrictionsCollection is open for research.
However, patrons must sign the Acknowledgment of Legal Responsibility and Privacy Rights form before using this
collection.
Also, all or portions of this collection may be housed off-site in Duke University's Library Service Center. Consequently, there may be a 24-hour delay in obtaining these materials.
Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the Rare Book, Manuscript, and Special Collections Library to use this collection.
Use Restrictions
The status of the copyright interests in these papers is unknown. For further information, see the section on copyright in the Regulations and Procedures of the Manuscript Department.
Preferred Citation
[Identification of item], The Papers of Paris Cleveland Gardner, Rare Book, Manuscript, and Special Collections Library, Duke University.
Provenance
The papers of Paris Cleveland Gardner, lawyer and politician of Cleveland County, N.C., and Washington, D.C., were acquired by the Manuscript Department through gift in 1975.
Processing Information
Processed by: Steve Hensen
Completed January 10, 1989
Encoded by Stephen Douglas Miller
This finding aid is NCEAD compliant.
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Biographical Note
| 1887 Jan. 7 | Born, Shelby, Cleveland County, N.C. |
| 1916 | LL.B., University of North Carolina. |
| 1916-1924 | Practiced law in Hominy, Osage County, OK |
| 1919 | Married Tazewell Lloyd of Chapel Hill, N.C. |
| 1924-1939 | Practiced law in Shelby, N.C. |
| 1926-1932 | Solicitor of Recorder's Court, Cleveland County, N.C. |
| 1939 | Relocated to Chapel Hill, N.C. |
| 1941-1962 | Staff attorney, Federal Trade Commission, Washington, D.C. |
| 1974 Sept. 16 | Died, Chapel Hill, N.C. |
Collection Overview
The papers of Paris Cleveland Gardner span the years 1834 to 1976, though they fall chiefly in the period 1920 to 1951. They consist of correspondence, legal papers, case files, printed matter, and clippings.
Included are some papers relating to Gardner's personal life and affairs in Cleveland County, N.C., and in Oklahoma. Of particular interest is correspondence relating to local, state, and national Democratic Party politics and elections in North Carolina in the 1920s and 1930s. Correspondents of note in this group include Richard Fountain, O. Max Gardner, and Robert R. Reynolds. Also present are some case files relating to Gardner's private legal practice, including the 1917 case of Leroy Cowthen, a member of the International Workers of the World (I.W.W.) who was being harassed; the investigation of the Humphreys family claims to the title of a profitable oil field near Beaumont, Tex.; and a file on the Shelby (N.C.) Building and Loan Association. Also included in a file of miscellaneous material is some genealogical material on the Harman family.
By far the bulk of the papers are represented by the Federal Trade Commission files. As an attorney-examiner with the F.T.C. between 1941 and 1962, Gardner worked with cases involving alleged deceptive advertising practices in the print media and radio. The individual files contain factual summaries of evidence in each case as well as occasional recommendations for action.
While the files here probably do not represent a complete record of Gardner's work with the F.T.C., they do provide ample illustration of the methods and practices of the government as it attempted to regulate false and misleading advertising.
Most of the cases represented in these files went through the office of Gardner's superior, D. B. Gatling, who was Chief of the Division of Radio and Periodical Advertising. The F.T.C. files in the so-called
"Packets"
and Alphabetical Files contain documentation regarding routine complaints about mostly small proprietary companies, though there are exceptions - most notably, the series of files on the American Tobacco Company, relating principally to misuse and distortions of testimonials from tobacco buyers and smokers in advertising. For the most part, the cases in these files rarely went beyond the preliminary stages of investigation. The
"Secondary Review Files"
are generally more substantive, representing cases on which some sort of action was taken. Also included are some of Gardner's personnel files from the F.T.C. While the reason for their inclusion with the case files is not altogether clear, the original order and contents of these files has been maintained nevertheless.
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Subject Headings
These are searchable subject entries for this collection. Performing a search on these subjects in the Duke University Libraries online catalog will bring up other related research materials.
- Gardner, Paris Cleveland, 1887-1974
- Gardner, Oliver Max, 1882-1947.
- Humphrey family.
- Reynolds, Robert Rice, 1884-1963.
- Fountain, Richard Tillman, 1885-1945.
- American Tobacco Company.
- Democratic Party (N.C.)
- Industrial Workers of the World.
- United States.--Federal Trade Commission.
- Deceptive advertising.
- Cleveland County (N.C.)--Politics and government.
- Advertising--Tobacco trade.
- Lawyers--North Carolina
 | List of Series in Collection | |||||||
 |  | Information Folder | ||||||
 | | Correspondence Series | ||||||
| | Legal Papers Series | ||||||
| | Printed Materials Series | ||||||
| | Miscellany Series | ||||||
| | Clippings Series | ||||||
 | | F.T.C. Files Series | ||||||
Detailed Description of Collection
Information Folder
Contains biographical information on Gardner and his family; material on the structure and operations of the F.T.C.
Correspondence Series
Principally personal correspondence relating to real estate interests in Oklahoma and politics in North Carolina and Cleveland County. Arranged chronologically.
Box 1
Correspondence, 1919-1943 and undated
(4 folders)
Legal Papers Series
Includes correspondence, legal papers, clippings, and other papers relating to legal cases with which Gardner was involved. Arranged alphabetically.
Box 1
Leroy Cowthen case, 1917
Crowell vs. Crowell,
1920-1924 and undated
Humphreys family case, 1834-1932
Shelby and Cleveland County Building and Loan Association,
M. A. Gardner residence, 1928-1929
Legal papers, 1926-1931 and undated
Printed Materials Series
Includes campaign brochures, broadsides, flyers, advertisements, sample ballots, printed speeches, etc., almost all from North Carolina.
Box 1
Printed materials, 1918-1935 and undated
Miscellany Series
Includes Cleveland County, N.C., political lists, Harman family genealogical material, and other materials.
Box 1
Miscellany, 1926-1948 and undated
Clippings Series
Clippings, 1918-1936 and undated
(3 folders)
F.T.C. Files Series
Packets Subseries
Packet 1: Active Clothing Co.;
Allegany Oil Co.;
American Cigarette and Cigar Co.;
Aurex Corporation;
B. T. Babbit, Inc.
Packet 1: Burbrooke Mfg. Co. et al.;
Buschs;
Colony House
Packet 1: Cosmetic industry
Box 3
Packet 2: Capital City College, Inc., et al.;
Cello-Plastic Chemical Co.;
Ceres Lunch, Inc.
Packet 2: M.A. Chapman & Son;
Chaston; Cigarette Investigation
Packet 2: Clean-Rite Vacuum Stores
Packet 2: Clopay Corporation;
Louis Cohen, et al.;
Colorcrete Industries, Inc.;
Colorthru Chemical;
Combustion Service, Inc.
Packet 2: Combustion Service Co.;
Comfort Manufacturing Co.;
OOFC Retail Liquor Dealers Assoc.
Packet 2: Electrovox Company;
Elmira Steel Co.;
Emerson Drug Co.
Box 4
Packet 3: H.D. Fine, et al.;
F.W. Fitch Co.;
Forty Second Street Photo Shop;
Francis Keil & Son, Inc.;
Freilay & Sons, Inc.
Packet 3: General Electric Co.;
General Motors;
Globe Laboratories;
Louis Goldberg
(ACME Mail Order Houses);
Good Value Bargain House
Packet 3: Goulard & Clean, Inc.;
Gulf & West Indies Co., Inc.;
Earl Hall
(United Watch Co.);
Harding Glass Company
Packet 3: Hercules Liquor Products Corp., N.Y.;
C.L. Hoffman Corp.;
Home Service Co., et al.
Packet 3: Hoover Manufacturing & Sales Co.
Packet 3: H. G. Hornbrook
(Apex Oil Product Co.);
C. Howard Hunt Pen Co.;
J.M. Hughes
Box 5
Packet 4: International Research;
Interstate Home Equipment Co., Inc.;
Jackson Research Labs
Packet 4: David Jacobs & Allied News-Photo Service Corp.;
B. Jadow Inc.;
Kaplan & Lacoff; Katz Drug Co.;
Harry Kaufman, Inc.
Packet 4: Milton S., Kronheim & Son, Inc., et al. (second investigation); Kruset
Packet 4: The Kenyon Studies;
Koh-I-Noor Pencil Co., et al.
Packet 4: Kopy Kat;
The Korby Co.
Packet 4: Lane Drug Co.;
Lee Products Co.;
Lekas & Drivas;
Long's
Packet 4: Lion Oil Refining Co.;
London Handkerchief Co.;
Londonderry, Inc.;
MacMillan Petroleum Corp.;
R. H. Macy & Co.;
Majestic Metal Novelty Co.
Box 6
Packet 5: Marco Company, Inc.
Packet 5: Mira-Glo Products, Inc.
Packet 5: Merck & Co., Inc.;
Nylo Company, Inc.;
O'Cedar Corp.
Packet 5: Penn Poultry Service
Packet 5: Perfect Brush Manufacturing Co.;
Peter Morton Sportsware, Inc.;
Printwell Co., et al.;
C.W. Products Co.;
Rex Remedy Co.;
Rice Sticks Dry Goods Co.;
A. Rabin;
Ruckel Manufacturing Co.
Packet 6: P.C. Gardner Medical Claim
Box 7
Packet 7: American Tobacco Co.
Packet 8: Gardner, P. C. - Official Efficiency Rating; Application for Leave; Efficiency Rating; New and old forms of contact letters
Packet 8: Secondary Reviews, 1949 July-1950 Mar. See also 12
(5 folders)
Box 8
Packet 8: American Tobacco Co., 1
Packet 9: American Tobacco Co., 2, interviews of witnesses
Packet 10: American Tobacco Co., 3
Packet 10: American Tobacco Co., 4
Packet 11: Parr Vitamin Co., et al.; Pioneer Publications, Inc.;
Sea Island Mills, Inc.;
The Sealtex Co.;
Searta Associates, Inc., et al.
Packet 11: Siegel Rothschild Gans Brothers, Inc.;
The Silex Co.;
Somerville Mfg. Co.;
Southern Chemical Co.;
Joseph Sperling
Packet 11: Steelco Stainless Steel Co., Inc.;
Stone-Tarlow Co., Inc.;
Students Book Co.;
E.Z. Suds Products Co.
Packet 11: The Sullivan Co.;
Thomas B. Keen Co., et al.; Tomlinson of Highpoint
Box 9
Packet 12: R.M. Taylor Co.;
Turbanwav, Inc.;
William C. Tyson
Packet 13: Unnamed automobile dealers, 1:1
Packet 13: Unnamed automobile dealers, 1:2
Packet 13: Unnamed Tobacco Manufacturers; United States Shoe Corp.;
U.S. Surplus Commodities Co., Inc.;
Vanleigh Furniture Co., Inc.;
Vit-O-Cel Dietaids Co., et al.
Packet 13: Waldmere Hatcher,et al.;
Walsh Refractories, Corp.;
Washington Tobacco Co.;
Western Electric Co., Inc.;
Williams Gold Refining Co., Inc.;
Willys-Overland Motors, Inc., et al.; Zenith Radio Corp.
Alphabetical Files Subseries
A-B:
The American Polish Co.;
American Tobacco Co. (memo);
Beaverton Bulbs;
Bristol-Meyers Co.;
Builders Products (Easter Small) trading as Builders Products;
Burton Sales Co.
C:
Chattanooga Medicine Co.;
Certa-Vin Co.;
Chicago Roller Skate Co.;
Consumer Credit vs. P.C. Gardner;
Courant Distributing Co.;
D-F:
Dandruff Corp.;
Enterprise Paint;
Florence Etta's Wyo-Min-Pro, Inc.;
Foley & Co.;
Franksville Specialty Co.
G-H:
Garlick-y Laboratories;
Gates Rubber Co.;
Gum Laboratories, Inc.;
H-A-P-I-A Distributors;
House of Marshall;
Hydro Power Sales, Inc.
J-L:
Janney-Semple Hill & Co.;
Jewel Promotions;
Kelife Products, Inc.;
Knomark Manufacturing Co.;
Dr. Larson's Calf-Nipple Feeder
M:
Marcellus Co.;
Mils, Inc.;
Milter Products;
Miner's Medicine Co., et al.;
Miss Ruth, Inc.;
Mogelewsky
Box 11
N:
New Book Company;
New York Tailors
O-Sc:
Oregon Drug Products;
Perma Plastic Products
Pierce & Stevens, Inc.;
Premier Knitting Co., et al.;
Rest-Well Bed Board Co.;
Ansel W. Robison Co.;
Scientific Electric Co.;
Scotch Woolen Mills;
I Schwartz
Sea:
Sears, Roebuck & Co.
Sem-Sw:
R.B. Sealer, Inc.;
Shemano's Hair & Scalp Method, Inc.;
"Slack Filled"
Griffin Smtih;
Sonotone Corp.;
Standard Chemical Mfg. Co.;
Standard Dry Wall Products, Inc.;
H.A. Stuart Co.;
H. Swartz;
Sweet Brier, Inc.
T-V:
Talbo, Inc.;
Tecots Products Co., Inc.;
The Texas Co.;
Theobald Industries;
Tower Eye Glass Co.;
Townsend National Weekly, Inc.;
Joseph Triner Corp.;
Van Patton Pharmaceutical Co.;
Viewtone Television and Radio Corp.
W:
W & M Products Co.;
Whitehall Pharmacal Co.;
Wildroot Company, Inc.
Secondary Reviews Subseries
Secondary Reviews 1948 Jan.-1950 July See also packet 8 for 1950 Mar.
(8 Folders)
Box 13
Secondary Reviews 1950 Aug.-1951 Aug.
(7 folders)
Miscellany: Worksheets for 1948-1951, Division of Radio and Periodical Advertising; Index of Active cases, 1949 Feb.
Miscellany: Independent Tobacco Experts Survey,
1941.
