Encyclopedias

Duke users only: Database
Contains more than one million thumbnail biographies from sources including The Complete Marquis Who's Who, the Encyclopedia of World Biography, The Scribner's Encyclopedia of American Lives, Who's Who Among African Americans as well as information from magazines and journals.
Coverage is international and not limited by time period.
Duke users only: CDRom
Includes the complete text of the print encyclopedia plus the yearbooks and some new feature articles.
Unrestricted access: Free Internet Resource
Includes the complete contents of the original Encyclopedia published between 1901-1906 and contains over 15,000 articles and illustrations.
Unrestricted access: Free Internet Resource
Unrestricted access: Free Internet Resource
Academy of the Hebrew Language
Dictionaries
For Historical Dictionaries search the Duke Online Catalog for these subject keywords:
Israel -- History -- Dictionaries
Jews -- History -- Dictionaries
Zionism -- History -- Dictionaries