Inventory of the Leo Bogart Papers, 1912-2005 and undated
Abstract
Leo Bogart was an applied sociologist and mass media expert who was Vice President and General Manager of the Newspaper Advertising Bureau (NAB) from 1960-1989. In his career with the NAB, Bogart pioneered new methodologies in newspaper marketing research and led two major projects during the mid 1970s-1989 to bolster the ailing newspaper industry, the Newspaper Readership Project and the Future of Advertising Project. He was also a prolific author and public speaker, and published 195 articles and 14 books, and delivered over 150 speeches from 1943-2005.
The Leo Bogart Papers span the years 1912-2005 and document Bogart's professional work with the Newspaper Advertising Bureau; as a mass media expert; and as an author and public speaker. The collection includes correspondence, clippings, articles, speeches, books, journals, chapters, drafts, proposals, notes, reports, scrapbooks, resumes, interviews, schedules, programs, pamphlets, administrative records, research materials, publications, promotional materials, ephemera, yearbooks, student papers, military records, photographs, negatives, and slides. Materials represent Bogart's professional work as Vice President and General Manager of the Newspaper Advertising Bureau, as well as his early employment with Standard Oil (New Jersey), McCann-Erickson, and Revlon, Inc.; as a prolific author and public speaker; as a Senior Fellow with the Gannett Center for Media Studies at Columbia University; and as a mass media consultant with the Innovation International Media Consulting Group. The bulk of files relate to research on U.S. markets, although some files do cover international research projects. Topics include newspaper marketing research; newspaper readership; newspaper advertising; television and society; critiques of mass media; social science research methodology; and international newspapers in emerging markets. The collection also documents Bogart's early experiences as a student and as a soldier in the U.S. Army Signal Corps during World War II, which formed the basis for several of his writing projects.
Descriptive Summary
- Repository
- David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library, Duke University
- Creator
- Bogart, Leo
- Title
- Leo Bogart Papers, 1912-2005 and undated
- Language of Material
- English,, Arabic,, Chinese,, Dutch,, Finnish,, French,, German,, Hebrew,, Italian,, Japanese,, Portuguese,, Romanian,, Russian,, Serbian,, Spanish,, and Swedish
- Extent
- 59.4 Linear Feet, 52,259 Items
- Location
- For current information on the location of these materials, please consult the Library's online catalog.
Collection Overview
The Leo Bogart Papers span the years 1912-2005 and document Bogart's professional work with the Newspaper Advertising Bureau; as a mass media expert; and as an author and public speaker. The collection includes correspondence, clippings, articles, speeches, books, journals, chapters, drafts, proposals, notes, reports, scrapbooks, resumes, interviews, schedules, programs, pamphlets, administrative records, research materials, publications, promotional materials, ephemera, yearbooks, student papers, military records, photographs, negatives, and slides. Materials represent Bogart's professional work as Vice President and General Manager of the Newspaper Advertising Bureau, as well as his early employment with Standard Oil (New Jersey), McCann-Erickson, and Revlon, Inc.; as a prolific author and public speaker; as a Senior Fellow with the Gannett Center for Media Studies at Columbia University; and as a mass media consultant with the Innovation International Media Consulting Group. The bulk of files relate to research on U.S. markets, although some files do cover international research projects. Topics include newspaper marketing research; newspaper readership; newspaper advertising; television and society; critiques of mass media; social science research methodology; and international newspapers in emerging markets. The collection also documents Bogart's early experiences as a student and as a soldier in the U.S. Army Signal Corps during World War II, which formed the basis for several of his writing projects.
Administrative Information
Collections are on the move for the renovation of the David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library. Contact Rubenstein Library staff before visiting. Read More »
Access Restrictions
Collection is open for research.
However, collection may contain materials to which the Acknowledgment of Legal Responsibilities and Privacy Rights form applies. Patrons must sign this form before using this collection.
In addition, original audiovisual materials are closed to patron use. Some use copies are available in the collection. Otherwise, Technical Services staff need to produce use copies before contents can be accessed.
Also, all or portions of this collection may be housed off-site in Duke University's Library Service Center. Consequently, there may be a 24-hour delay in obtaining these materials.
Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library to use this collection.
Use Restrictions
The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to Duke University. For more information, consult the copyright section of the Regulations and Procedures of the David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library.
Contents of the Collection
Consists of correspondence, clippings, fiction and nonfiction writings, notes, student papers, brochures, pamphlets, ephemera, drawings, yearbooks, scrapbooks, awards, military documents, photographs, and memorabilia that document Bogart's personal life. Series is divided into two categories: Student materials and Other materials.
Student materials consists of materials accumulated by Bogart over his student career at P.S. 99 Junior High School; Erasmus Hall High School; Brooklyn College; and the University of Chicago. Materials include student assignments and papers and materials relating to Bogart's work as editor-in-chief of Vanguard, a student paper of Brooklyn College.
Other materials includes clippings on topics of personal interest to Bogart; fiction writings; and materials documenting Bogart's military service as a voice interceptor in the U.S. Army Signal Corps from 1942-1946. Lengthy fiction writings include The Temple of Janus, an unfinished sociological novel that Bogart developed for a writing competition, and The Argument. Several of Bogart's published writings were based in part on his experiences in the U.S. Army, including the article Soldier Thinking (1943) and the books Social Research and the Desegregation of the U.S. Army (1969) and How I Earned the Ruptured Duck: Behind the Lines in WWII (2003), which may be found in the Writings & Speeches Subseries. Arranged alphabetically.
Visual arts materials, 1980-2001 and undated
Consists of correspondence, clippings, articles, speeches, books, journals, chapters, drafts, proposals, notes, reports, scrapbooks, resumes, interviews, schedules, programs, pamphlets, administrative records, research materials, publications, promotional materials, and photographs that document Bogart's professional career. Series is divided into nine subseries: Biographical Materials Subseries; Conferences and Meetings Subseries; Correspondence Subseries; Early Career Subseries; Late Career Subseries; Newspaper Advertising Bureau (NAB) Subseries; Professional Service Subseries; Research Files Subseries; and Writings and Speeches Subseries.
The Biographical Materials Subseries documents events and activities in Bogart's professional life, and includes clippings; interviews; correspondence; schedules; scrapbooks; and resumes.
The Conferences and Meetings Subseries includes materials relating to conferences, seminars, meetings, and symposia in which Bogart participated. For materials relating to meetings and conferences in which Bogart gave a speech and a written record of the speech remains, see the Writings and Speeches Subseries. Arranged chronologically.
The Correspondence Subseries consists of general and topical professional correspondence and is divided into five categories: Academic, Newspapers and print media, Organizations and businesses, People, and Miscellaneous. Arranged alphabetically within categories.
The Early Career Subseries documents Bogart's professional career from 1951-1960, during which time Bogart worked as a Fulbright Research Fellow, and as a advertising and marketing researcher with Standard Oil Company of New Jersey; McCann-Erickson; and Revlon, Inc. The series includes the paper Bogart wrote as a Fulbright Fellow, Les Algérians en France; radio program audience research; and Revlon materials on quiz show fraud during the 1950s. Arranged topically and therein alphabetically.
The Late Career Subseries documents Bogart's activities from 1989-2005 after he retired from the Newspaper Advertising Bureau. It includes materials related to Bogart's Gannett Center for Media Studies fellowship (later renamed the Freedom Forum Media Studies Center); newspaper consulting projects for the Freedom Forum; role as Director and Senior Consultant for Innovation International Media Consulting Group; and role as media expert in two trials in the 1990s, Chandler v. Jackson (Michael Jackson child molestation lawsuit) and Valenzuela v. Hughes Aircraft Company (TCE groundwater contamination lawsuit in Tuscon, Arizona). Slides of presentations given at the Freedom Forum Russian newspaper workshop and photographs of the trip are located in the Photographs and Slides Series. Presentation scripts are in Russian and English and slide text is in Russian. Videocassette tapes of media coverage of Michael Jackson and TCE groundwater contamination in Arizona are located in the Audiovisual Materials section. Arranged alphabetically.
The Newspaper Advertising Bureau (NAB) Subseries documents Bogart's twenty-nine year executive career with the Newspaper Advertising Bureau (NAB), the advertising and marketing organization for the newspaper industry. Bogart began work with the NAB as Vice President of Marketing Planning and Research in 1960 and was promoted to Executive Vice President and General Manager in 1966. Bogart was the architect of many of the major research studies conducted during his tenure with the NAB. Bogart led two major research projects, the Newspaper Readership Project from 1977-1983 and the Future of Advertising Project from 1979-1988. The goal of the Newspaper Readership Project was to make recommendations to reverse declines in newspaper readership that begun in the 1920s and were threatening the vitality of the newspaper industry during the 1970s and 1980s. The Future of Advertising Project was formed shortly afterward to address newspapers' decline in national advertising revenues that began in the 1960s due largely to the rise of television. Recommendations from the Future of Advertising Project led to standardization in advertising formats and invoices across newspapers. This subseries is divided into three sections: General, Newspaper Readership Project, and Future of Advertising Project. General consists mainly of materials related to various research projects at the NAB. For slides of NAB presentations, see the Photographs & Slides Series. Speeches and presentations in this subseries report directly on the workings of the NAB; for all other speeches, see the Writings and Speeches Subseries. Arranged alphabetically within category except for speeches and meetings, which are arranged chronologically.
The Professional Service Subseries documents Bogart's membership and service in professional organizations and clubs and on committees and advisory boards. Arranged alphabetically by organization.
The Research Files Subseries consists of clippings, writings, and notes on various subjects that Bogart maintained for reference and as source material for his writings, speeches, and research. Arranged alphabetically by topic.
The Writings and Speeches Subseries documents 149 speeches; 195 published articles; 14 books; book chapters and contributions; and other written materials Bogart produced over his career. Also includes articles for a monthly column in Presstime that Bogart wrote from 1989-2005. The subseries is divided in five sections: Speeches, Articles, Books, Book chapters and contributions, and Unpublished writings and drafts. Writings are arranged chronologically by date of publication, or for unpublished writings, creation date. Speeches are arranged chronologically by date of delivery.
Documents milestones and activities in Bogart's professional life, and includes clippings; interviews; correspondence; schedules; scrapbooks; and resumes. Arranged alphabetically.
Documents Bogart's participation in conferences and meetings. Bogart participated in these events in a number of ways, including organizing conferences; serving on panel discussions; and giving informal remarks. For written speeches by Bogart and related materials, see the Writings and Speeches Subseries. Arranged chronologically.
Consists of general and topical professional correspondence divided into five categories: Academic, Newspapers and print media, Organizations and businesses, People, and Miscellaneous. Arranged alphabetically.
Documents Bogart's professional career from 1951-1960, during which time Bogart worked as a Fulbright Research Fellow, and as a advertising and marketing researcher with Standard Oil Company of New Jersey; McCann-Erickson; and Revlon, Inc. The series includes the paper Bogart wrote as a Fulbright Fellow, Les Algérians en France; research on radio program listeners; and Revlon materials on quiz show fraud during the 1950s. Arranged topically and therein alphabetically.
[Folder removed to Box 95.]
After Bogart retired from the Newspaper Advertising Bureau, he was nominated a fellow with the Gannett Center for Media Studies for the 1989-1990 academic year. As a fellow, Bogart received support while completing his book Commercial Culture: The Media System and the Public Interest. For materials related to this book, see the Writings and Speeches Subseries. Bogart continued a relationship with the Gannett Center, which became financially independent from the Gannett Broadcasting Group in 1991 and was renamed the Freedom Forum Media Studies Center. On behalf of the Freedom Forum, Bogart advised the Oakland Tribune on how to restructure their business in 1991 and organized a newspaper advertising workshop in Russia and Eastern Europe in 1992.
Bogart spent much of his late career sharing his newspaper industry and mass media expertise. As Director and Senior Consultant for Innovation International Media Consulting Group, Bogart advised newspapers, particularly in Spain, Latin America, Russia, and Eastern Europe; and assessed the state of newspapers and mass media for Innovation publications and conferences. Bogart also shared his knowledge about the mass media with attorneys as a media expert in two very public trials in the 1990s, Chandler v. Jackson (Michael Jackson child molestation lawsuit) and Valenzuela v. Hughes Aircraft Company (TCE groundwater contamination lawsuit in Tuscon, Arizona).
Slides of presentations given at the Freedom Forum workshop and photographs of the trip are located in the Photographs and Slides Series. Presentation scripts are in Russian and English and slide text is in Russian. Videocassette tapes of media coverage of Michael Jackson and TCE groundwater contamination in Arizona are located in the Audiovisual Materials section. Arranged alphabetically.
Documents Bogart's twenty-nine year executive career with the Newspaper Advertising Bureau (NAB), the advertising and promotion organization for the newspaper industry. Bogart began work with the NAB as Vice President of Marketing Planning and Research in 1960 and was promoted to Executive Vice President and General Manager in 1966. During his tenure with the NAB, Bogart was the architect of most of the major research studies. Bogart led two major research projects, the Newspaper Readership Project from 1977-1983 and the Future of Advertising Project from 1979-1988. The goal of the Newspaper Readership Project was to make recommendations to reverse declines in newspaper readership that begun in the 1920s and were threatening the vitality of the newspaper industry during the 1970s and 1980s. The Future of Advertising Project was formed shortly afterward to address newspapers' decline in national advertising revenues that began in the 1960s due largely to the rise of television. Recommendations from the Future of Advertising Project led to standardization in advertising formats and invoices across newspapers. This subseries is divided into three sections: General, Newspaper Readership Project, and Future of Advertising Project. General consists mainly of materials related to various research projects at the NAB. For slides of NAB presentations, see the Photographs & Slides Series. Speeches and presentations in this subseries report directly on the workings of the NAB; for all other speeches, see the Writings and Speeches Subseries. Arranged alphabetically within category except for speeches and meetings, which are arranged chronologically.
[Folder removed to Box 96.]
[Folder removed to Box 96.]
[Folder removed to Box 96.]
[Folder removed to Box 96.]
[Some materials removed to Box 96.]
[Folder removed to Folder 1.]
[Folder removed to Box 97.]
[Folder removed to Box 97.]
[Folder removed to Box 97.]
[Folder removed to Box 97.]
[Folder removed to Box 97.]
[Folder removed to Box 97.]
Documents Bogart's membership and service in professional organizations and clubs and on committees and advisory boards. Arranged alphabetically.
[Some items removed to Box 97.]
Consists of clippings, writings, and notes on various subjects that Bogart maintained for reference and as source material for his writings, speeches, and research. Arranged alphabetically by topic.
[Folder removed to Folder 1.]
[Folder removed to Box 97.]
Documents 149 speeches; 195 published articles; 14 books; book chapters and contributions; and other written materials Bogart produced over his career. Also includes articles for a monthly column in Presstime that Bogart wrote from 1989-2005. The subseries is divided in five sections: Speeches, Articles, Books, Book chapters and contributions, and Unpublished writings and drafts. For speeches that directly report on Newspaper Advertising Bureau activities, see the Newspaper Advertising Bureau (NAB) Subseries. Writings are arranged chronologically by date of publication, or for unpublished writings, creation date. Speeches are arranged chronologically by date of delivery.
[Audiocassete removed to Audiovisual Materials, Box 98.]
[Floppy disk removed to Audiovisual Materials, Box 98.]
[CD-R removed to Audiovisual Materials, Box 98.]
Consists of photographs, slides, and negatives that document Bogart's personal and professional life. Photographs chiefly document professional meetings and conferences. Slides, which make up the bulk of this series, include Newspaper Advertising Bureau presentation slides; Freedom Forum Russia workshop slides; and family vacation and travel slides. Arranged chronologically.
[Folder removed to Box 97.]
[Folder removed to Box 97.]
Presentations scripts are in English and Russian and slide text is in Russian. Workshop scripts and correspondence are located in the Freedom Forum Subseries and photographs of the trip are located in the Photographs and Slides Series.
Artifacts, 1971-1973
Oversize Materials, 1926-1992
[Copy of diploma of Bogart's father, Iakov Abramovich Bugaevskii, conferring a degree in law from the Imperial Russian University in Odessa.]
Consists of videocassettes, DVDs, audiocassettes, CDs, and floppy disks, featuring or collected by Bogart. Many of the videocassettes were used for Bogart's work as a mass media expert in two trials, Chandler v. Jackson (Michael Jackson child molestation lawsuit) and Valenzuela v. Hughes Aircraft Company (TCE groundwater contamination lawsuit in Tuscon, Arizona).
Restrictions on access: Originals are closed to researchers. Contact Research Services for information on obtaining use copies.
Historical Note
Chronology List
| Date | Event(s) |
|---|---|
| 1921 Sep. 23 | Born in Lvov, Poland |
| 1923 | Moved to the United States |
| 1938-1941 | A.B., Brooklyn College |
| 1942-1946 | Served in the U.S. Army Signal Corps in WWII |
| 1946-1948 | M.A. in sociology from University of Chicago |
| 1947-1948 | Instructor in English, Illinois Institute of Technology |
| 1948 Aug. 8 | Married Agnes Cohen |
| 1948-1951 | Opinion Research Analyst, Standard Oil Company (New Jersey) |
| 1948-1950 | Ph.D. in sociology from University of Chicago |
| 1949-1951 | Lecturer in Sociology, New York University |
| 1951-1952 | Fulbright Research Fellow, Institut National d'Etudes Demographiques, Paris, France |
| 1952-1958 | Vice President, Market Planning Corporation Division, McCann-Erickson, Inc. |
| 1953-1961 | Lecturer in Sociology, Columbia University |
| 1956-1957 | President, Radio-Television Research Council |
| 1958-1960 | Director of Marketing Research, Revlon, Inc. |
| 1960-1966 | Vice President of Marketing Planning and Research, Newspaper Advertising Bureau (NAB) |
| 1965-1966 | President, World Association for Public Opinion Research |
| 1965-1966 | President, Market Research Council |
| 1966-1967 | President, American Association for Public Opinion Research |
| 1966-1989 | Executive Vice President and General Manager, NAB |
| 1971-1972 | President, Consumer Psychological Division, American Psychological Association |
| 1989-1990 | Senior Fellow, Gannett Center for Media Studies, Columbia University |
| 1990 | Adjunct Professor of Marketing, New York University |
| 1996-2005 | Director and Senior Consultant, Innovation International Media Consulting Group |
| 2005 Oct. 15 | Died, Mt. Sinai Hospital, New York, NY |
Organization Abbreviations
- AAAA - American Association of Advertising Agencies
- AAPOR - American Association for Public Opinion Research
- ABC - Audit Bureau of Circulations
- ACR - Association for Consumer Research
- AEJ - Association for Education in Journalism (changed to AEJMC)
- AEJMC - Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication
- AMA - American Marketing Association
- ANA - Association of National Advertisers
- ANPA - American Newspaper Publishers Association
- APA - American Psychological Association
- APME - Associated Press Managing Editors
- ARF - Advertising Research Foundation
- ASA - American Sociological Association
- ASNE - American Society of Newspaper Editors
- ESOMAR - World Association of Opinion and Marketing Research Professionals (formerly European Society for Opinion and Marketing Research)
- IAMCR - International Association for Media and Communication Research
- IAPA - Inter American Press Association
- ICMA - International Circulation Managers Association
- IFRA - [publishers]
- INAE - International Newspaper Advertising Executives (changed to INAME)
- INAME - International Newspaper Advertising and Marketing Executives
- INCFO - Institute of Newspaper Controllers and Finance Officers
- INPA - International Newspaper Publishers Association
- MRDA - Media Research Directors Association
- NAB - Newspaper Advertising Bureau
- NRMA - National Retail Marketers Association
- WAPOR - World Association for Public Opinion Research
Subject Headings
- Bogart, Leo.
- Gannett Center for Media Studies.
- Innovation International Media Consulting Group.
- McCann-Erickson Worldwide.
- Newspaper Advertising Bureau (New York, N.Y.)
- Revlon, inc.
- Standard Oil Company.
- Advertising, Newspaper--United States.
- Marketing research.
- Marketing research--United States.
- Mass media and culture--United States--History--20th century.
- Mass media and public opinion.
- Mass media--Audiences--Research.
- Mass media--Social aspects--United States.
- Newspaper reading--Research.
- Popular culture--United States.
- Readership surveys--United States.
- Sociology--Research.
- Sociology--Research--United States.
- Technology and society--History--20th century.
- Television--Social aspects.
- World War, 1939-1945--Personal narratives, American.
- Brochures.
- Clippings.
- Slides.
- Ephemera.
- Machine-readable records.
- Memorabilia.
- Negatives.
- Newsletters.
- Photographs.
- Scrapbooks.
- Speeches.
- John W. Hartman Center for Sales, Advertising & Marketing History.
Related Material
Materials related to this collection may be found in the following Hartman Center collections of the J. Walter Thompson Company Archives: the Rena Bartos Papers; the Chicago Office Records; the Chicago Office Non-Proprietary Research Records; the Eleanor Newman Papers; and the Norman H. Strouse Papers. In addition, related materials may be found in the American Association of Advertising Agencies Records; the John Benjamin Harris Papers; the McGraw-Hill Marketing Information Center Vertical File; and the Walter Weir Papers.
Preferred Citation
[Identification of item], Leo Bogart Papers, David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library
Provenance
The Leo Bogart Papers were received by the Rare Book, Manuscript, and Special Collections Library as a transfer in 2005. Additional accessions were recieved as gifts in 2006 and 2007.
Processing Information
Processed by Stacy Lavin and Rita Johnston, 2009
Encoded by Rita Johnston, 2009
Accessions 2005-0080; 2006-0087; 2007-0026 were merged into one collection, described in this finding aid.
Descriptive sources and standards used to create this inventory: DACS, EAD, NCEAD guidelines, and our local Style Guide.
This finding aid is NCEAD compliant.
