Inventory of the James T. Sears Papers, 1918-2008 and undated (bulk 1950-2004)
Abstract
Educator, gay rights activist, and author of many works on sexuality, identity, and sex education, and the history of homosexuality and the gay rights movement in the United States.
The James T. Sears Papers span the dates 1918-2011, with the bulk of the material covering the period between 1950 and 2004. The papers are arranged into the following series: Audiovisual Material; Other Activities; Personal Papers; Photographic Material; Professional Papers; the largest series, Research and Writings; Jack Nichols Papers; and Oversize Material. The Research and Writings series is divided into subseries for major works by Sears, as well as subseries for other writings and editorial work, research files, and a small set of writings by other individuals. Formats include but are not limited to correspondence, research files, writings, interviews, recordings, serials and newspapers, photographs, and diaries. The collection also houses the personal papers of Hal Call (1917-2000) and Jack Nichols (1938-2005), both early activists for gay rights. Taken as a whole, the collection offers a deep and rich source of information on gay, lesbian, and bisexual culture in the United States, especially in the South, and its representation in literature and in the press, both positive and negative; the history of the gay rights movement in the U.S. and abroad, including the evolution of organizations such as the Mattachine Society and related gay movement publications; sexuality studies in the U.S. and teaching sexuality in primary and secondary classrooms; gays in the military; drag queen, lesbian, and bisexual communities; and many other topics relevant to sexual identity in society.
Descriptive Summary
- Repository
- David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library, Duke University
- Creator
- Sears, James T.
- Title
- James T. Sears Papers, 1918-2011 and undated (bulk 1950-2004)
- Language of Material
- English
- Extent
- 138 Linear Feet, 86,700 Items
- Location
- For current information on the location of these materials, please consult the Library's online catalog.
Series Quick Links
- Audiovisual Material Series, 1958-2004 and undated
- Other Activities Series, 1991-2008 and undated
- Personal Files Series, 1973-2008 and undated
- Photographs Series, 1800s-1989 and undated, bulk 1980s-1990s
- Professional Papers Series, 1984-2007 and undated
- Research and Writings Series, 1941-2007 and undated, bulk 1975-2005
- Jack Nichols Papers Series, 1940-2005 and undated
- Oversize Material
- Acc. 2012-0002, 2000s
Collection Overview
The James T. Sears Papers span the dates 1918-2008, with the bulk of the material covering the period between 1950 and 2004, and are arranged in the following series: Audiovisual Material; Other Activities; Personal Papers; Photographic Material; Professional Papers; the largest series, Research and Writings; Jack Nichols Papers Series; and Oversize Material, which contains chiefly newspapers and other large-format serials. The Research and Writings series, the largest in the collection, is divided into subseries for each of Sears' major works; in addition, there are other large subseries for Sears' other writings and editorial work, research files, and a small set of writings by other individuals.
The collection documents the career and life of a gay rights activist, educator, and author who has performed ground-breaking research on gay, lesbian, and bisexual culture in the United States, and the teaching of human sexuality in the classroom. The evolution and publication of Sears' major book-length works, articles, and other editorial work is fully documented in this collection in the form of drafts, correspondence, recorded and transcribed oral histories, many research files, and a wide variety of images and recordings. Sears' professional papers contain teaching and course materials as well as files on publicity, speeches, and other activities. Sears also worked as a journal and book editor, thus the collection houses various iterations of authors' accepted work along with Sears' line edits and final publications. Many electronic files accompanied the research, writing, and teaching files; these have been archived on the library's server. An extensive collection of audiovisual materials includes videos, sound recordings, and other media either assembled through Sears' research and teaching activities, or acquired from other sources (note: original recordings are closed to use; unless otherwise noted, listening or viewing copies must be made for research access).
The collection also houses the personal papers of Hal Call (1917-2000) and Jack Nichols (1938-2005), authors and early activists for gay rights. These two large sub-collections contain writings, correspondence, research files, diaries, audiovisual material (separated and removed to the Audiovisual Series), and photographs.
Taken as a whole, the James T. Sears Papers offer a rich source of primary documents and information on gay, lesbian, and bisexual culture in the United States, especially in the South, and its representation in literature and in the press, both positive and negative. The collection also provides extensive documentation on the history of the gay rights movement in the U.S. and abroad, including the evolution of organizations such as the Mattachine Society and related gay movement publications; sexuality studies in the U.S. and teaching sexuality in primary and secondary classrooms; gays in the military; drag queen, lesbian, and bisexual communities; and many other topics relevant to sexual identity in society. The collection also include anthropological field notes of Sears' extensive research and travels in the Philippines related to sexualities and sex education.
Consent forms signed by individuals whose interviews or images were recorded for possible use in publications are sometimes filed with other records relevant to that publication; oftentimes, however, permissions may have been filed in the Research Permissions Subseries box in the Research and Writings Series, or have not been located in the collection. Researchers wishing to publish information on individuals represented in the Sears Papers must have in hand the consent forms, or obtain permission from the individuals.
For more details on the contents and arrangement of individual series or subseries in the Sears Papers, see the series and subseries descriptions that follow.
Administrative Information
Collections are on the move for the renovation of the David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library. Contact Rubenstein Library staff before visiting. Read More »
Access Restrictions
Certain parts of the collection are restricted. In addition, patrons must sign the Acknowledgment of Legal Responsibility and Privacy Rights form before using this collection.
Consent forms signed by individuals whose interviews or images were recorded for possible use in publications are sometimes filed with other records relevant to that publication; oftentimes, however, permissions may have been filed in the Research Permissions Subseries box in the Research and Writings Series, or have not been located in the collection. Researchers wishing to publish information on individuals represented in the Sears Papers must have in hand the consent forms, or obtain permission from the individuals.
Original audiovisual materials are closed to use. Use of these materials requires production of listening or viewing copies.
Also, all or portions of this collection may be housed off-site in Duke University's Library Service Center. Consequently, there may be a 24-hour delay in obtaining these materials.
Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library to use this collection.
Use Restrictions
The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to Duke University. For more information, consult the copyright section of the Regulations and Procedures of the David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library.
Contents of the Collection
The research conducted by Sears over many decades spawned a large component of audio and visual material, separated from the main collection either as originally received or for preservation purposes, and described in this series. Materials are found in a variety of formats, including audiocassettes, audiotapes, microcassettes, small gauge films, and videocassettes. Subject matter can be grouped into the following categories: interviews with Sears about his career; publicity related to his writings; many oral histories and interviews of Jack Nichols, Hal Call, and other activists and gays individuals interviewed by Sears; histories of regional gay activism in Virginia, Kentucky, and other areas; audio recordings from the earliest programs and conferences on homosexuality in the U.S., some featuring Hal Call and Del Martin as speakers; recordings on aids, cloning, and other issues; classroom and conference lectures by Sears; home movies from James Sears and Jack Nichols; audio recordings belonging in the papers of Jack Nichols; gay parades, rallies, and other social events, filmed by various individuals; and other unidentified recordings.
Arranged by format (audiocassettes, audiotapes, film, video, and other media), and further subdivided into groupings that, when possible, parallel the series and subseries in the rest of the collection. Format groupings are described in further detail below. Items are arranged within categories mostly in original order as received, with original titles retained.
[RESTRICTION: Originals are closed to use. Use of these materials requires production of listening or viewing copies. Please contact a reference archivist before coming to use this collection.]
Each of the audiocassettes boxes holds approximately 20 cassettes. Some recordings are on microcassette and are noted in the container lists below.
[RESTRICTIONS: Original copies closed to use. Unless otherwise noted, staff must arrange for listening copies to be made. Please contact a reference archivist before coming to use this collection.]
Originally part of the Jack Nichols Papers. Chiefly interviews by Nichols and publicity tours taken by Nichols and Lige Clarke. Inidividuals interviewed include Dick Leitsch, Camille Paglia, Dr. George Weinberg, and Randy Wicker. In addition to many radio interviews of Nichols as well as some speeches by him, a number of music recordings are also included. Several recitations of Walt Whitman's poetry by Nichols are this grouping as well. Each of the five boxes holds approximately 20 audiocassettes. Arranged alphabetically and chronologically, in order as received.
Panel discussions on curriculum development and sexuality studies with Sears participating.
Titles arranged in chronological order as in main collection.
Arranged by codes given to each interviewee.
Arranged alphabetically. Three recordings dated after publication of book; possibly may not belong to series.
Arranged chronologically.
Contains tapes of Spiral Meetings.
Significant amounts of other related audiovisual material can be found in the Videocassettes and Audio Tapes Subseries.
Two recordings of interviews conducted by Sears, one labeled "John," one unlabeled. Other audiovisual material, chiefly on Carson McCullers and one additional interview, are housed in the Research and Writings Series, John and Edwin Subseries.
Arranged alphabetically. Focus on the chapter about case studies in the Philippines. Contains interviews and recordings of symposia.
Arranged alphabetically. Contains interviews of Bragg by Gene Wadell and others.
Arranged alphabetically. Part of the studies Sears conducted on sex education in different communities in the U.S.
Arranged chronologically.
Interviews used for Rebels, Rubyfruit, and Rhinestones and Lonely Hunters. Interviewees include Julia Penelope, Flo Fleishman, Paul Wegman, Merril Mushroom, Bill Pinyon (founder of Badpuppy), Bob Basker, Jack Campbell, Jesse Monteagudo, and Bob Kunst. Also has material from original broadcasts related to Anita Bryant and the Miami Referendum (1977-1978).
Contains recordings of interviews with individuals from three communities: Chicago, Illinois, Winnetka, Illinois, and South Carolina. Most are labeled with the name and the school of the interviewee. There are some tapes that are unlabeled and undated.
Possibly related to three works, Combating Heterosexuality, Lonely Hunters, and Sexuality and the Curriculum. Difficult to distinguish the writing to which each individual tape belongs. There also appear to be some lectures by Sears, and interviews with him. A few are labeled as recordings of "L/G symposiums." Finally, there are four unidentified cassettes that may be recordings of meeting and publicity events (1999, 2001), and several unlabeled microcassettes.
Includes significant reel-to-reel recordings from some of the earliest publicly broadcast forums on American homosexuality, with participants such as Hal Call, Del Martin, Jack Nichols, and other early activists, as well as doctors, psychologists, criminologists, journalists, and writers. Arranged chronologically.
[Includes one unidentified recording found with the Southern States research files, labeled "Prince Akeem." This recording has not been transferred to a preservation copy.]
[RESTRICTIONS: Originals are CLOSED to use. Master copies on CD-R for all recordings are available in Box 39, from which staff can make listening copies for research access. Please contact a reference archivist before coming to use this collection.]
Panel 1: Elsa Knight Thompson, Moderator; Blanche M. Baker, Psychiatrist; Mrs. Leah Gailey, Housewife; Harold L. Call, Editor, Mattachine Review. [TRT 56:00] Panel 2: Elsa Knight Thompson, Moderator; Dr. Karl Bowman, M.D., Psychiatrist; Dr. Frank Beach, Jr., Professor of Psychology, University of California; David Wilson, Department of Criminology, University of California; Morris Lowenthal, Attorney [TRT 60:00]
Small-gauge films separated from the papers of Hal Call and Jack Nichols, early gay activists. Titles are from original labels. Arranged chronologically.
[RESTRICTIONS: Originals are CLOSED to use. Staff must arrange for viewing copies to be made for research access. Please contact a reference archivist before coming to use this collection.]
Videocassettes and some Hi-8 digital cassettes separated from other series in the main collection, from the papers of Jack Nichols and Hal Call, and Sears' own teaching materials and other series. Others were found loose. Many recordings contain interviews, while others are compilations of news and other broadcasts focused on gay history, gay rights, or sexuality and sex education; Sears used many of these for his courses. Other recordings were collected by Sears during research for his major written works. Some boxes include manuscripts explaining video content or indexes to contents. For the most part, titles are as originally given. Arranged in groups by series in main collection; within, by date. Total running time (TRT) given where possible.
[RESTRICTIONS: Originals are CLOSED to use. Staff must arrange for viewing copies to be made for research access. Please contact a reference archivist before coming to use this collection.]
Some videos are unlabeled but other labels include references to La Cage; Logan's Hollywood tour; 1998 - family Christmas; evening at La Cage; night on the town; ER episode.
Attached note explains this as a "mockumentary" inspired by a documentary titled "The Homosexuals," and created by students at American University taking a course in gay/lesbian documentaries.
Many of these feature Hal Call; may focus on historical events or trends in gay history ("60s and 70s gay scene")
11/16/81, news coverage of anti-gay events in Houston; 1981 mayoral race; news reports on the Austin Housing Ordinance vote, 1/16/82; news coverage of gay instructors at HPD; "Bisexual Living" - NBC TODAY show, 5/17/82; news coverage of National Gay Leadership Conference in Dallas, 8/82; news coverage of repeal of the Texas sodomy statute, 8/82; "Gays on TV" - Hour Magazine with Newton Dieter, 9/28/82; Miss Gay America - TOMORROW Show, 11/2/81; Houston Gay Pride Parade, 1981
A variety of videos received as a separate group in the Sears collection. Arranged in order as originally received.
[RESTRICTIONS: Originals are CLOSED to use. Staff must arrange for use copies to be made for research access. Please contact a reference archivist before coming to use this collection.]
An online referral service founded by Sears, linking academics with the business community and other sectors. Materials include correspondence, focus group sessions, feedback, several versions of proposals and business plans, Powerpoint presentation, and other various printed materials. Electronic material has been separated and mounted to the library server; for access to this material, please consult with a reference archivist.
Drafts and research materials written and gathered by Sears, a resident of Seabrook Island (S.C.), for real estate columns in local newspapers: The Seabrooker, The Island Connection, The Island Eye News, and Ocean Tides. Issues addressed by Sears in these writings include the environment, land use, property zoning, and community organizing. Original complete issues of newspapers have been removed to Oversize Material.
Houses biographical information on James T. Sears, early education materials, early writings, newspaper clippings, and an essay written in 2007 in which Sears reflects on his career and the field of curriculum studies. Arranged in chronological order within subseries.
[NOTE: Portions of this series are closed to use until five years after the donor's death.]
Chiefly black and white photographic images used in Sears' publications on gay history, as well as a few publicity shots of Sears, and casual snapshots of Sears at lectures, conferences, and book tours. Most of the research material was used to illustrate Rebels, Rubyfruit and Rhinestones and Lonely Hunters. Files of materials considered for use in a publication are identified with the original titles consisting of names of individuals, groups, or locales; contents can include photographs, paper print-outs of images, other research material, clippings, permissions forms, and correspondence. Key communities represented in the research materials include Atlanta and New Orleans, though there are files on most Southern states. The various materials in the series cover the period from the late nineteenth century through the 1990s, with the bulk focusing on the 20th century. While the majority of images relate to urban issues, images of rural gay culture are also included; files on the Short Mountain Sanctuary and people associated with it (among them Milo [Guthrie] Pyne and Merril Mushroom) are notable in this regard. Also includes a set of 21 signed 8x10 black and white portraits of gay activists, writers, and artists by noted photographer Robert Giardi. Giardi's subjects in alphabetical order: Paula Gunn Allen, Gloria Anzaldua, Perry Brass, Forman Brown (pseudonym Richard Meeker), Allen Ginsburg, Essex Hemphill, Dolores Kaich, Joan Larkin, Audre Lorde, Joan Nestle, Manuel Ramos Otero, Pat Parker, Felice Picano-Amagansett, Venita Porter, John Preston, James Purdy, Assotto Saint, Barbara Smith, Kitty Tsui, Carolyn Weather, and Jenny Wrenn; there is also a group portrait of the managing editors of RFD (publication of the Radical Faeries) at Short Mountain Sanctuary, an intentional gay community in rural Tennessee. The series is arranged alphabetically.
Other photographs and images can also be found throughout the Sears Papers; additionally, hundreds of digital images related to this series and to other materials in the collection have been separated and mounted on a library server; please contact a reference archivist for access to these images.
Research materials, correspondence, publicity, drafts and proofs, administrative and editorial files, and other items documenting James T. Sears' career as an educator and author. Arranged into subseries in the following categories: conferences and organizations; professional correspondence; engagements and publicity; publishing files; and teaching, the largest file group. Further descriptions of each subseries follow. For personal correspondence and other files, consult the Personal Files Series.
Chiefly composed of files relating to conferences Sears attended or coordinated, and organizations in which he played an active role. There are references to other conferences, mostly on teaching and curriculum studies, that appear in the Research and Writings Series as part of the subseries for certain publications; in addition, there may be some conference-related materials in the Engagements and Publicity Subseries of this series. Prominently represented organizations and conferences include: American Educational Research Association (AERA); the AERA Lesbian and Gay Studies Special Interest Group (SIG); and Curriculum and Pedagogy. Arranged in alphabetical order by name of conference or organization.
Exchanges between Sears and other authors and colleagues found separately from other materials in the collection. Large amounts of professional correspondence can be found throughout the writings and other publications files and in the records relating to Sears' academic positions.
Files document the many speaking engagements and publicity related to Sears' publications, as well as other non-academic activities. There is a mix of folders with distinct names and folders that group materials by year, but in general the two categories are comprised as follows: engagements materials derive from events such as speeches, interviews, and readings, and include the texts of speeches, correspondence, clippings, brochures, other printed materials, and photographs; publicity materials contain correspondence, clippings, and printed material such as brochures and flyers regarding Sears' book-length works, primarily Lonely Hunters and Rebels, Rhinestones, and Rubyfruit. A number of reviews of Sears' work, primarily in the gay press, are also included. Correspondence in this series pertains to efforts by Sears and his publicists to secure speaking or reading engagements at bookstores and other venues in 1997 and 2001. Although a few items relating to Sears' published work on curriculum are included, his conference papers on that topic are located in the Conferences and Organizations Subseries above and his academic lectures in the Teaching Subseries below. Arranged in chronological order.
Small group of files containing royalty statements, contracts for Sears' writings, contracts and other materials for submissions to works or series edited by Sears, publishers' correspondence, and other documents related to the publishing process. Files in the Research and Writings Series hold other similar documentation, including correspondence with publishers and copies of contracts. Arranged in original order as received.
Teaching Subseries, 1984-2007 and undated
Arranged in the following groups: Brackenridge Internship in Teaching; Consulting; Department Files; and Closed Academic Files, which are closed to research until five years after the donor's death.
Files of correspondence, interviews, and other papers that document Sears' involvement with the Bridenthal Internship in Teaching program, now known as the Brackenridge (BIT). A six-year study on teacher recruitment based on the BIT program culminated in a publication edited by Sears and several others, When Best Doesn't Equal Good: Educational Reform and Teacher Recruitment. A Longitudinal Study (1994). Other materials on BIT are located in the Research and Writings Series, Other Publications Subseries, under that title. Arranged in order as received, roughly chronological.
Materials gathered here derive from work Sears has done for various universities and organizations on issues related to gays and lesbians on campus. Most of these documents originated from Penn State University, and includes documentation on a proposed Center for Sexualities and the Professions in its School of Education. Files include correspondence, reports of task forces and committees at various universities, and a variety of printed material. Arranged in alphabetical order by folder title.
[CLOSED to research for 25 years from latest date.]
Large group of files containing documentation on courses taught by Sears chiefly at the University of South Carolina and Penn State. Course topics include sexual identity, teaching and the creation of "sex ed" curricula, and political movements. Files include correspondence, syllabi, notes, lectures, comments and evaluations by students, proposals for courses or programs, and other files. One group of folders deals with a controversial course taught on the Religious Right. Also contains materials relating to Sears' teaching activities as a faculty member at the University of South Carolina and College of Charleston. Arranged in order received, roughly chronological.
Mainly correspondence and documents gathered by Sears through his participation at the University of South Carolina on various academic committees and working groups. Arranged in order as received.
Correspondence and other documents derived from Sear's work with various tenure committees and working groups. Arranged in order as received.
This largest series in the collection houses research materials, correspondence, publicity, drafts and proofs, administrative and editorial files, and other materials documenting James T. Sears' career as researcher, author, and editor. Organized into four subseries: Major Works, Other Publications, Research Files, and Writings by Others.
The largest subseries, Major Works, features files of correspondence, drafts and proofs, research materials, and other items related to the following major book-length works by Sears (presented in chronological order) on the history of homosexuality and gay identity in the South, and the history of the gay rights movement: Growing Up Gay in the South: Race, Gender, and Journeys of the Spirit (1990); Lonely Hunters: an Oral History of Lesbian and Gay Southern Life, 1948-1968 (1997); Rebels, Rhinestones, and Rubyfruit: Queering Space in the Stonewall South (2001); Behind the Mask of the Mattachine: the Hal Call Chronicles and the Early Movement for Homosexual Emancipation (2006); and John and Edwin (2009), a volume on early gay history seen through the lens of a relationship between two men from the South. Lonely Hunters, Rebels, Rhinestones, and Rubyfruit, and Behind the Mask of the Mattachine were published as volumes in a series on gay history; another volume on homosexuality in the U.S. before 1950 was planned but is currently unpublished. Detailed descriptions follow below; titles are organized chronologically by date of publication.
The Other Publications Subseries chiefly consists of the following types of materials: files relating to essays and chapters contributed by Sears to book-length works; files deriving from his editorial work for books and journals, including the gay studies journal Empathy; and conference papers written by Sears, some of which may be unpublished. A number of the writings in this subseries relate to Sears' pioneering work on the development of a classroom curriculum for teaching sexuality and gender identity. In addition, this series houses files of book reviews written by Sears. Reviews of his own publications can be found in the Major Works Subseries, or in the Publicity Series. Subseries is arranged in alphabetical order by title.
The Research Files Subseries contains extensive files maintained by Sears on various topics relevant to his written work, including gay culture in the Southern U.S. (especially Florida, North Carolina, and Alabama), gays in the military, and sexuality in the Philippines; some material was unpublished while other material was utilized in published works. Arranged in alphabetical order by subject.
The smallest and final subseries, Writings by Others, houses writings by other individuals which were either sent to Sears for review, or used by Sears in his research. These are arranged alphabetically by author last name.
Many of the writings and other related materials in this collection were received as electronic files. The contents of each disk have been migrated to a library server. Please consult a reference archivist for access to these and other electronic files.
Major Works Subseries, 1941-2007 and undated
Correspondence, research, contributor, and administrative files pertaining to major book-length works by Sears. Arranged chronologically by publication date; within, alphabetically or in original order as received.
Growing up Gay in the South: Race, Gender, and Journeys of the Spirit (1990), 1975-1992 and undated
Files organized into sections of correspondence, drafts and proofs, interviews, and research files. Correspondence is arranged alphabetically; drafts and proofs in order received. Interviews comprise three boxes: the first two contain complete interviews and interview notes, and are arranged by first name and case number as assigned by Sears. Research files include a set of folders (mostly but not all contiguous and marked "QSL") housing materials related to Sears' paper, Attitudes, Experiences, and Feelings of Guidance Counselors in Working with Homosexual Students: A Report on the Quality of School Life for Southern Gay and Lesbian Students (1988), which formed the basis for the book. The early research for this paper was in part supported by the Gay and Lesbian Advocacy Research Project (GLARP), whose name appears on many folders. The third box contains what seem to be aggregates of these interviews, and are arranged according to case number. Audio recordings on cassette are also available for many interviews; these are housed in the Audiovisual Series.
Also referred to in earlier material as "Generations," this volume was published as the first in a series on history of homosexuality and gay movements in the U.S. Contains groups of drafts and proofs, publicity, and research files. Drafts and proofs are arranged in the order in which they were received. Several files of proofs or drafts include the 1995 prospectus, correspondence with Sears' colleagues and proofreaders, including Kepner's foreword, an interview with Barbara Gittings (Daughters of Bilitis founder) for the afterword, Gordon Hall (Dawn Langley Simmons), and Jack Nichols. Publicity files are arranged alphabetically, and include book reviews, awards, book tour schedules, promotional statements, and a video. Research files, arranged alphabetically, include chapter and interview notes, early research materials about gender, early homosexuality cases, and gay identity, as well as correspondence and research materials relating to book subjects Jack Nichols, Dawn Langley Simmons, and Sue Sponnoble. The last three boxes of research files pertain to an inquiry into homosexuality at the University of Florida in the late fifties; they contain depositions, statements, and court documents pertaining to the Johns Committee proceedings; these documents are arranged in order as received.
Chiefly reprints of early gay magazines Janus and One, but also reading lists of gay sci-fi and list of gay pulp fiction at Special Collections Library, Duke.
[Box 91 contains photographic materials.]
Arranged into the following subseries: Administrative Files, Correspondence, Drafts and Proofs, Publicity, and Research Files. These divisions and their internal arrangement are further described below. The largest group, the research files (36 boxes), documents Sears' work on the book through correspondence, clippings and articles files, interviews, memoirs, oral histories, regional material from southern states, files on activist groups, memorabilia, and other material. The research files also house a set of diaries written by a gay youth from 1973-1993, and a large component of materials, chiefly correspondence, written by Jack Nichols and Lige Clarke. Other material on Nichols can be found in the Jack Nichols Papers Series.
Administrative Files, 1994-2005
Correspondence, 1994-2001
Consists of correspondence between Sears and various contacts related to the project. Organized in two sections: alphabetical order by recipient, and editorial and location-specific correspondence. The second section is arranged in order as received.
[Diskettes removed from folders in Boxes 98 and 99; contents have been migrated to library server.]
Includes correspondence, flyers, and travel plans for publicity tours as well as press reviews of the book.
Research Files, 1950s-2001
Contains a large amount of research materials pertaining to the writing of Rebels, Rubyfruit, and Rhinestones, including correspondence between third parties, clippings, gay newspaper issues, chapters of books consulted by Sears, flyers, programs, newsletters, diaries, oral histories, promotional materials, minutes, and memorabilia. The subseries is organized into rough subject areas with titles originally assigned by Sears, with individual folders left largely in the original order as received. These subject areas are organized alphabetically within the subseries and their contents are further described below. Many of the folders carry state names, and contain research materials gathered by Sears in the southern U.S. Extensive additional materials on Jack Nichols and Lige Clarke can be found in the Jack Nichols Papers Series in this collection.
Principally popular and academic articles and book chapters by others, providing a general background on social issues of the 1970s.
A mixture of material including bibliographies, newspaper articles, and a large group of individually foldered flyers, pamphlets, catalogues, and other material from gay and lesbian organizations from the 1980s.
Material related to various political and social activist groups active in the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s. Includes newspapers, newsletters, flyers, posters, correspondence, and other materials. Subjects include the Student Southern Organizing Committee, the North American Bioregional Conference, the People's Party, the North American Congress of Homophile Organizations, the Gay Rights Lobby, the National Gay Task Force, and the Gay Sex Alliance.
Mostly newspaper and magazine articles about the AIDS epidemic, but also includes material on sexually transmitted diseases and materials from the Gay Caucus of the American Psychiatric Association.
Documents from the life of Logan Carter/Roxanne Russell. Includes newspaper articles, diaries, book manuscripts, and correspence with Jack Nichols.
Newspaper articles, biographical documents, FBI reports, legal documents, and other material from Florida. Topics include Jack Campbell's campaign for Miami Commissioner, the Miami equal treatment ordinance, and the Anita Bryant affair.
Includes material on Atlanta gay organizations and the Supreme Court's 1985 Bowers v. Hardwick sodomy case.
Covers activities at the University of Kentucky and in Louisville, as well as the Sam Dorr case from 1982.
Contains chiefly print material about lesbian and feminist figures, organizations, and issues, in the form of book chapters, biographical entries, newspaper articles, flyers, and pamphlets.
Includes material on Gertrude Stein Society and the study "Hidden People."
Includes articles about the 1983 gubernatorial election; letters, publications, minutes, and other material from the Mississippi Gay Allliance; and letters between "Eddie's Boys."
Includes "Eddie's Boys" material.
Contains newspaper and magazine articles, manuscripts, speeches, interviews, correspondence, clippings, and other material created by Jack Nichols. See also the Jack Nichols Papers Series in this collection for extensive materials on Nichols and Lige Clark.
Contains many folders of correspondence (1990s-2003), newspaper and magazine articles, manuscripts, speeches, interviews, clippings, and other materials by and about Jack Nichols.
Mostly information and material on the history of gay groups in various North Carolina cities, as well as a large number of newspapers from the 1970s.
Chiefly information and material on the history of gay groups in various North Carolina cities, as well as a large number of newspapers from the 1970s.
Minutes, correspondence, deeds, flyers, maps, notebooks, and other materials from the Short Mountain Sanctuary in Tennessee, an intentional community for gay men.
Chiefly material relating to South Carolina University in Columbia, SC, including letters, minutes, flyers, and newsletters of the Lambda Alliance.
Additional material about Tennessee, unrelated to Short Mountain, focusing on Memphis and various political campaigns.
Research material of broad application. Topics include racism within the gay community; hate crimes and homophobia. Includes miscellaneous notes, publications, newspaper clippings, and other items.
Bumper stickers, two t-shirts, a rainbow streamer, and two small boxes of pins and buttons.
Transcripts of interviews conducted by Sears and others, related to the book Rebels, Rubyfruit, and Rhinestones. Folders sorted in alphabetical order by interview subject's name.
Correspondence, writings, interview transcripts, administrative files, minutes, diaries, memoirs, printed materials, relating to the life of Hal Call, prominent member of the early gay rights movement, the history of the Mattachine Society with which Call was engaged, and the writing of Sears' book Behind the Mask of the Mattachine. Arranged in the following series: Administrative, Financial, and Legal Files; Hal Call Papers; Correspondence; Diaries, Memoirs, Yearbooks; Drafts; Interview Transcripts; Photographic Material; and Printed Material. The bulk of the personal papers of Hal Call date from the early 1940s to the 1970s and include correspondence, writings, diaries, and printed matter related to the early years of the gay liberation movement. See descriptions below for more detail on each group of materials.
A variety of materials that document the organization, meetings, conventions and various financial and legal activities of the Mattachine Society. Files are divided into alphabetical and chronological runs of folders. The alphabetical folders reflect a broad range of topics, including all of the following: balance sheets and other budget activities; chapters of the Society in various cities; FBI files; related groups such as One, Inc. and Pan-Graphic Press; and the work of various committees, especially the Publications Committee. The chronological run of folders consists almost entirely of minutes, agendas, and related documents from meetings and conventions. This group of folders contains a mix of documents that were produced by individual chapters as well as national conventions of the Society, w/some individual folders containing items from multiple sources; all are interfiled chronologically.
[Some items removed to Hal Call Papers, Oversize Materials.]
Consists of thirty years of Hal Call's yearbooks and appointment books in forty-five volumes, plus an undated World War II era notebook. Items contain a mix of appointments, lists of contacts, and brief day-to-day record-keeping for various financial transactions of the Mattachine Society.
[Processing note: Photographs and slides relating to Hal Call are filed in the box for all photographic materials in this subseries.]
A mix of individual and organizational correspondence relating to the history of gay rights, the history of the Mattachine Society and its various chapters, and to Sears's research for his book. Individuals prominently represented, mainly in the early years, include Henry Gerber, Frank McCourt, and Manuel boyFrank. Organizational correspondence, heavily concentrated in the 1950s and early 1960s, includes: material about the early history of the Mattachine in San Francisco; some material from the New York chapter; and correspondence with other organizations such as ONE, Inc. and the Atheneum Society of American, Inc., the Florida activist group founded by Richard Inman. Finally, Sears's research correspondence, including some email, is filed at the end of this file set. Arranged chronogically.
Contains a variety of autobiographical documents for Jim Kepner and Prescott Townsend. Although the Kepner folders, as received, are labeled as diaries, they actually appear to be a typescript memoir written in the late 1980s or early 1990s. Arranged by author, then chronologically.
Consists mainly of multiple drafts in typescript of various chapters of Behind the Mask of the Mattachine. At the beginning of these is a folder for Sears's 1999 proposal for the book, originally to be known as Calling Shots. At the end of the group are several folders of visual materials for the book, including photographs, clippings, and other printed materials. Since these items were numbered and thus possibly keyed to one or more drafts of the book, they were left in the current folder group rather than separated by format. Filed chronologically to the extent possible, but folder contents vary: most contain multiple drafts of a single chapter, but others contain a single draft of multiple chapters.
Contains transcripts of interviews with over forty individuals that Sears conducted or gathered as part of his research for Behind the Mask of the Mattachine. Interviews conducted by Sears took place in the late 1990s and early 2000s, while those by other researchers took place as much as thirty years earlier up through the 1990s; other interviewers include Paul Cain, Martin Meeker, and Frank Prager. For most transcripts there are release forms signed by the interviewees; these are usually filed at the front of the folder containing the transcripts, but others were also left as received, in a separate folder at the beginning of the folder group. In addition to transcripts and release forms, folders also contain associated correspondence and e-mail between Sears, other researchers, and the interviewees; printed material; research notes; and a few photographs. Some folders contain only these supporting materials and no transcripts; they often appear to be preparatory work for interviews that did not take place. Interviews are mainly concerned with the Mattachine Society in San Francisco in the 1950s-1970s, but also cover chapters in other cities. Interviewees prominently cited in the book include: Martin Block, Ken Burns, Frank Kameny, Jim Kepner, Hal Lawson, Dorr Legg, Don Lucas, Phyllis Lyon, Del Martin, Jack Nichols, and Randy Wicker. Transcripts for several interviews with Hal Call are all housed in the Hal Call folder group in this subseries. Arranged alphabetically.
Contains 187 black-and-white prints, 25 color prints, 44 negatives, and circa 150 slides documenting three topics: the life of Hal Call; materials which may have been assembled by Call relating to an unidentified project on the history of gay erotica; and the early history of the Mattachine Society. The bulk of the materials relate to Hal Call and document his childhood, family, military service in World War II, work history, and include a variety of professional portraits and personal snapshots taken at different periods of his life. Separated by format, then arranged alphabetically by topic.
A variety of clippings, flyers, legal case histories, newsletters, photocopied articles, research about the history of erotica, and other printed materials. Consists mainly of documents generated by or about various chapters of the Mattachine Society in the 1960s and 1970s, but also includes research that Sears gathered in preparing his book. Newsletters from Chicago, Denver, Los Angeles, New York, and San Francisco form the largest category, comprising about a third of the materials gathered here. The Randy Wicker folders contain materials by and about Wicker. Arranged alphabetically, with folder titles derived from topical subjects, publication titles, and people's names.
[Some items removed to Digital Materials Series.]
Files contain research materials and correspondence relating to a book chronicling a 40-year relationship between John Ziegler and Edwin Peacock, both of Charleston, S.C. Both men also served in the military during World War II. Includes photocopies of original correspondence (1941-1959) and a set of diaries (1937-1940) used in the 1993 book The Diary of Jeb and Dash, published by Farber and Farber. (The original full set of correspondence is held in the John Zeigler Papers at Duke.) Also includes oral interviews with John Ziegler conducted by Sears; research notes; printed materials on gay life in Charleston; materials related to southern women writers, including Carson McCullers, Edwin Peacock's longtime friend; photographs; and drafts and proofs. Audiovisual materials and electronic diskettes have been separated into the format-appropriate series. The personal papers of Edwin Peacock and John Zeigler are also held by the David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library at Duke.
[Electronic files have been migrated to a library server. Please consult a reference archivist for access to these and other electronic files in this collection.]
"Jeb's" Diaries, 1937-1940
Drafts and Proofs, 2007-2008
[Contains photographic materials and 2 CD-Rs. Please contact a reference archivist for access to the electronic materials.]
[Diskettes removed.]
[Removed to Oversize Materials]
Includes works edited by Sears, sometimes with other individuals; writings contributed by Sears to book-length works by others; many articles appearing in a variety of academic journals; and nine folders of book reviews. Includes Sears' 1984 doctoral dissertation on teacher education programs. Arranged in alphabetical order by title or topic of work; within, typically divided into subgroupings, including administrative files, correspondence, drafts and proofs, publicity, and research files, or, in some cases, arranged in some other original order as received. Many of these writings are also present in the form of electronic files.
[Electronic files have been migrated to a library server. Please consult a reference archivist for access to these and other electronic files in this collection.]
Chapters on activists Bob Basker, Hal Call, and Jack Nichols.
Article for AACTE book (American Association of Colleges for Teacher Education).
Sears' doctoral thesis.
Series edited by Sears. Arranged in two groups, Correspondence and Editorial Files, then alphabetically within each group.
Edited by Sears with assistance from James C. Carper. Originated from controversy surrounding Sears' course on Christian fundamentalism and education (see other materials on this topic in the Teaching Series). Arranged in four groupings: Correspondence, Dialogues, Editorial Files, and Publicity. Correspondence includes letters written between Sears and chapter authors, and Sears and his publishers at Teachers College Press. Dialogues contain several printed round table discussions pertaining to chapters in this publication. Editorial files also contain correspondence with chapter authors and Teachers College Press, as well as chapters written by a select group of contributors. All files arranged alphabetically.
Co-edited by James Sears and Rubin Gaztambibe-Fernandez. Contains correspondence and drafts and proofs.
Contains correspondence, editorial files, and administrative files. Correspondence includes letters to publishers, authors, and Debbie Epstein, Sears' co-editor. Editorial files also include correspondence with authors, as well as proofs and layouts. All files organized alphabetically.
Publication of proceedings from the First Annual Curriculum and Pedagogy Conference in Austin, Texas, October 2000, edited by Sears and Kris Sloan and published in 2001.
Draft of paper presented at the Curriculum Theory Conference, Dayton, Ohio, 1987 Oct. 28-Nov. 1.
Two entries written by Sears on gay and lesbian studies and on homophobia and heterosexism.
Empathy, 1988-1995 and undated
Contains files related to Sears' activities and responsibilities as editor of this journal for gay and lesbian studies and homophobia in education. Arranged into four groupings: Correspondence, Drafts and Proofs, Submissions, and Administrative Files. Correspondence files contain exchanges between Sears and publishers or authors. The Drafts and Proofs grouping also includes some correspondence. Submissions files include rejections, acceptances, and letters of intent to publish. A wide range of clippings, calls for papers, publicity, and assorted resource files are found in the Administrative grouping. Drafts and proofs are arranged in order received; all other sections are arranged alphabetically.
Administrative Files, 1989-1994 and undated
A review essay by Sears of five works on curriculum development, with photocopies of the works included.
Edited by Sears; hard bound copy has been transferred to the library's general collections and can be located through the Duke Library's online catalog.
[Electronic files have been migrated to a library server. Please consult a reference archivist for access to these and other electronic files in this collection.]
Files of contributor correspondence and publication agreements, and one folder of publisher correspondence, for double issue of Journal of Gay and Lesbian Social Studies published while Sears was editor. Hard-copy drafts of articles are not included, but electronic files of drafts have been mounted to the library server - please contact a research archivist for assistance in accessing these drafts. Arranged in original order as received.
Series edited by Sears for Greenwood Publishing Group. Includes the following titles: Including Children with Special Needs (2005), Holding Schools Accountable (2006), and Bullying(2007). Chiefly correspondence and administrative files. Organized as received.
Contributor files of correspondence and publication agreements for double issue of Journal of Lesbian Gay and Bisexual and Transgender Social Work, published while Sears was editor. Drafts of articles are often included, and electronic files of most drafts have been mounted to the library server; please contact a research archivist for assistance in accessing electronic files. Arranged in original order as received.
Editorial files assembled by Sears during his tenure as editor for Volumes 4 and 5 (2006-2007). Contributor files found in the Publication Files grouping represent accepted manuscripts only. Beginning with Volume 5, the journal was renamed Journal of LGBT Youth, and published by Taylor and Francis.
Set of folders relating to an essay on Laura Bragg, a Charleston resident, museum director, library founder, and social progressive, entitled Museums, Friends and Lovers in the New South: Laura's Web, 1909-1931, (2000) with Louise Allen. The essay later became a chapter in the 2003 publication.
Fragments and full drafts of various articles, essays, and memoirs, mainly untitled.
Edited by Sears and Walter L. Williams. Arranged into three groups: Correspondence, Editorial Files, and Administrative Files. Correspondence files include letters written by Sears and contributors, and exchanges with the Columbia University Press. Chapters and topics edited by Sears and incorporated into his publication are found in the Editorial Files group; these folders are arranged by author's last name. Administrative files are routine in nature. All files are arranged alphabetically.
Series published by Educator's International Press, for which Sears served as associate editor. One file mainly of correspondence.
Series published by Haworth Press for which Sears served as senior editor beginning in 2000. Files are arranged in two alphabetical groups, Correspondence and Editorial Files.
Edited by Sears and William James Letts IV. Organized into the following groupings: Correspondence, Drafts and Proofs, Editorial Files, Publicity, and Administrative Files. Drafts and Proofs folders contain layouts, publisher proofs, and copy edits; also included in this grouping are proofs of Sears' introductory chapter, Teaching Queerly: Some Elementary Propositions. All folders arranged alphabetically; editorial files by author's last name. Several earlier administrative and correspondence files refer to this publication as "Teaching Queerly" rather than by its final published title.
Drafts of essay, possibly unpublished, on Running Water communal gathering, the Faery movement, and Lambe's life and role. Material later appears in Rebels, Rubyfruit, and Rhinestones.
Edited by Sears. Arranged into groups of correspondence, editorial files, rejected abstracts, publicity, and routine administrative files. Correspondence includes letters written to authors and publishers at Teachers College Press. Abstracts, drafts, correspondence, and proofs by various authors are found in the editorial files. Administrative files include promotional statements, abstract reviews, and calls for papers.
Edited by Sears and J. Dan Marshall; reprinted in 2001. Files house correspondence, editorial files, reviews, and routine administrative files. Correspondence includes exchanges with Teachers College Press and prospective authors. Editorial files only include those abstracts and drafts that Sears accepted for publication. Reviews are organized by number; all other folders are organized alphabetically.
Turning Points in Curriculum: A Contemporary American Memoir (2000 and 2002), 1992-2002 and undated
Arranged in three groups: correspondence, drafts and proofs, and publicity. Files relate to 2000 and 2002 editions of this anthology. Correspondence consists of exchanges between some of the authors (Louise Allen, James Sears, J. Dan Marshall, Patrick Roberts, and William A. Schubert) and the publishers. Loose drafts and publisher revisions are often included with this correspondence. The Drafts and Proofs grouping houses copy edits, drafts, layouts, and manuscripts.
Edited by Sears and other authors. Six-year study focused on the Bridenthal Internship in Teaching program, later known as the Breckenridge (BIT). Other materials on BIT are located in the Professional Papers Series, Teaching Subseries.
Materials covering a wide variety of research topics of interest to Sears, including homosexuality in the United States before 1950, the history of gays in the military, a study on new generations of gays, and international gay movements. Other boxes contain general research materials on gays in the South which informed multiple works by Sears. The individual states of Alabama and Florida have their own boxes of research materials, while materials from Arkansas, Georgia, Louisiana, Kentucky, North Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, and Washington D.C. are housed as a group. Formats in the Research Files Subseries are varied, and can include print materials such as clippings, flyers, newsletters, and serial issues; field notes and other research materials; correspondence; photographs and other types of illustrations; and recorded oral histories and interviews. In addition to correspondence and materials deriving from Sears' research, there are significant amounts of primary materials from original sources, especially correspondence and a few diaries. More detailed descriptions follow below.
Alabama Files, 1971-1998 and undated
Research files contain clippings, articles, writings by others, flyers, organizations' records, and notes on homosexuality and the gay rights movement in Alabama, with emphasis on Birmingham, AIDS, gay movement organizations, and institutional reactions to the increasingly visible and active gay movement. Also includes a set of essays (1995-1997) written by Patrick Cather for the Alabama Forum, a monthly gay newsletter. Materials were used extensively for Rebels, Rubyfruit, and Rhinestones. Arranged in original order as received.
Research materials concerning three individuals interviewed by Sears: Jeri Farrar of Lewiston, Maine, Julian "Jerry" Hayes of South Carolina, and Perry Schwartz of South Carolina. Formats include interviews on cassettes (removed to the Audiovisual Series), photographs, many folders of correspondence, memoirs, and a diary.
The undated Farrar memoir covers the years 1932-circa 1945 and narrates events in the life of Farrar, her close friend and musical collaborator Rena Estabrooks, Farrar's mother Edna, and various friends, male and female; there are references to World War II and social conditions of the times, and detailed descriptions of nightclub circuits and the entertainment business in New York and New Jersey. It was probably written in the 1980s or 1990s.
The Hayes materials offer a detailed look into the life of a gay man growing up in rural North Carolina who "came out" in college and became part of the early gay community in Charleston, South Carolina during the 1940s. Materials include a diary kept in Jerry Hayes' teen years (typed transcription), a brief memoir by Hayes, interviews conducted in 1999, and paper prints of digitized photographs that date from circa 1920-1940.
The Schwartz materials cover the life events of a gay man from Birmingham, Alabama, who also became a Charleston resident; the bulk of this material consists of photocopies of hundreds of pieces of correspondence, numbered and arranged in chronological order, from Schwartz to family members and friends during his military service, 1936-1946. Includes interviews on cassettes conducted in 1998. A few folders contain early printed matter from 1957-1966, including a pamphlet on the psychology of homosexuality, and a "gay girl's guide."
Finally, another set of files corresponds to research Sears conducted on early criminal cases linked with homosexual behavior, and personal histories of lesbians in the Northeast during the early 20th centuries (Laura Beam, Harriet Hosmer, Ellen Day Hale), and contain resource listings from the Schlesinger Library at Harvard and some photocopied primary material from several archival institutions, including Duke University.
[Original audiovisual materials are closed to patron use and have been removed to the Audiovisual Materials Series (boxes 22-23). Technical Services staff must arrange to have use copies made before contents can be accessed. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library to use these materials.]
Florida Files, 1954-1996, undated
Chiefly clippings and some correspondence and printed material related to gay history, civil rights, and the social and political scene in Florida from the mid-1950s through the early 1980s. Includes a correspondence file for the Florida Mattachine Society; individuals of note here include Richard Inman, Jack Nichols, and Leonard Matlovich (materials on these individuals also appear in other series of the collection). Other materials document the nascent gay rights movement on university campuses and in major Florida cities, as well as actions by law enforcement and government bodies to counter it. Materials on Anita Bryant's anti-homosexual activism are found here. Other files relate to the social scene of Florida clubs and discos. Publications by the Florida gay community as well as mainstream newspapers are included. Some large clippings have been moved to Oversize Material. Oral histories and interviews on cassettes can be found in the Audiovisual Materials Series. Files are in original order as received.
Documentation about several legal cases targeting gay individuals serving in the U.S. military, as well as more general research materials on gays in the military. Files include court and military papers as well as many news articles and clippings, and first-person accounts.
Chiefly printed reports, newsletters, and other publications collected by Sears, relating to gay movements and sexual identity issues in these countries: Canada, China, Ireland (two folders), Japan (four folders), Israel, New Zealand, the United Kingdom (England, Scotland, Ireland), and the United States.
Correspondence, printed materials, organization files, notes, recorded interviews, and photographs related to Sears' planned volume on gay history focusing on "Gen X" lesbians, gays, and transgender individuals born in the 1970s and 1980s. Printed materials include clippings, newspapers, flyers, and articles. Topics with significant amounts of material in these research files include gay youth and AIDS, same-sex sexual harassment, and gay communities in Florida. One set of files follows the case of Pedro Zamora, gay activist who died of AIDS at age 22, especially focusing on media coverage of his life and death; another set of research materials documents the "Enloe Six" case in N.C., and includes original correspondence with one of the young men involved in the case. Material has not been published. Finally, there are three videos: one covering the memorial service for Zamora, another about the media coverage of the "Enloe Six." A third contains unknown material, possibly on AIDS as presented through Hollywood productions. Arranged in original order as received.
[Original audiovisual materials are closed to patron use. Technical Services staff need to produce use copies before contents can be accessed. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library to use these materials.]
Philippines Study, 1999 and undated
Materials gathered during Fulbright Award study undertaken by Sears of sexuality and community in the Philippines. Portions of this work appeared in A Dangerous Knowing.
[Negatives containing images from ceremony removed to Box 245]
Scholarly journals, gay magazines, gay directories and guides from various cities, clippings, and other printed materials gathered as research for various projects. Arranged alphabetically by title or topic. Many other printed items are found throughout the Sears Papers, especially clippings, articles, and newsletters; entire issues of serials are housed in the Oversize Material boxes.
Contains clippings, correspondence, field notes, photographic material, recorded interviews, and printed materials used in Sears' research on sex education curricula in the U.S. Arranged by geographical area of research: Illinois, North Carolina, and South Carolina, with separate files for negatives and photographs. Field notebooks are organized by schools visited. Fifty audiocassettes of interviews have been housed separately in the Audiovisual Material Series.
Clippings, correspondence, field notes, photos, and other research material. Chicago schools visited by Sears include Arai, Coleman, Dyett, and Eli Whitney.
Contains mostly field notes; also contains some correspondence, photographs, and printed materials.
Black and white and color photographs from Chicago, Winnetka and South Carolina. Material depicted includes Eli Whitney and Washburne schools, as well as a South Carolina gay and lesbian pride march.
Contains clippings, correspondence, educational pamphlets and writings from Cherokee, North Carolina. Includes materials which may have been used on the work Out of Harmony on the Cherokee Boundary. There are also several drafts of the Keetowah essay.
Contains clippings, field notes, and a copy of Cultural Wars in a Southern Town: Race and the Hidden Narrative of the Master, the article resulting from this regional study. Most papers relate to the contentious debate over sex education in Beaufort, S.C. Sears' study of this case was to be the basis for a book. Additional material pertaining to the Gullah community at St. Helena Island, and the Penn School is also included. Bulk of files in box 250.
Assembled by Sears, these materials document homosexuality and the gay movement of the 1970s-1990s in Arkansas, Georgia, Louisiana, Kentucky, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Texas, and Washington DC. Similar in content to other state files found in the Rebels, Rubyfruit, and Rhinestones series, formats include clippings, flyers, brochures, organizations' records, publications (newsletters), articles, and some correspondence. One set of folders relates to two national gay rights marches in Washington, D.C. in 1979 and 1987, and contains publicity and correspondence sent to Sears from organizers reminiscing about the earlier march. Other files house an extensive collection of newspapers that chronicle gay rights protests in Durham/Chapel Hill area of North Carolina. Also includes a set of files chronicling the Southeastern Conferences for Lesbians and Gay Men (1976-1990). In original order as received.
Signed consent forms from individuals featured chiefly in Lonely Hunters and Rebels, Rubyfruit, and Rhinestones, giving permission for their image or personal histories and interviews to be published by Sears. Other series in the Sears Papers house additional consent forms for the same or other published works. Researchers wishing to publish information on individuals represented in the Sears Papers must locate the consent forms, or obtain permission from the individuals.
Writings by Others Subseries, 1989-2005
Drafts of published and unpublished writings by other authors, chiefly on gender identity or sexual orientation and teaching, submitted to Sears for review, usually with some correspondence included. Organized alphabetically by author name.
DVD and booklet for the "Breaking Through" program for schools to reduce bullying, which was submitted as part of Chapter 7 of the thesis, is included. No use copy is necessary for viewing this resource.
Sent to Sears to be reviewed in Empathy
Collection of writings, ephemera, clippings, and other materials assembled by Jack Nichols, close friend of James Sears. The two met in the 1970s while Sears was researching the first volume in his series on gay history. Nichols, a journalist, writer, and gay activist from the sixties, became one of Sears' primary contributors to Lonely Hunters and to subsequent historical works by Sears, most notably Rebels, Rubyfruit, and Rhinestones. When Nichols died of complications from AIDS in 2005, he bequeathed his personal papers to Sears. The papers have been kept in original order and are arranged in the following subseries: Clippings and Printed Materials; Correspondence; Personal Files; Serials; Subject Files; Writings; and Oversize Material. Audiovisual documentary materials relating to the life of Jack Nichols originally part of his personal papers and separated due to preservation needs are found in the photographs, audio and video recordings in the Audiovisual Material Series of the Sears Papers; many additional files pertaining to Nichols are in the subseries for Rebels, Rubyfruit, and Rhinestones in the Research and Writings Series, and a smaller amount of materials are in the Research Files Subseries of the Research and Writings Series..
Comprised almost entirely of newspaper and magazine clippings highlighting Nichols' work as a social activist and writer as well as various movements of interest to him. Included in this series are clippings of coverage of gay rights demonstrations, often related to government responses to the AIDS crisis. Several books of clippings (one with photographs) document Nichols' activities as a gay rights organizer in the cities of Washington, New York, and Cocoa Beach, Florida. In addition, clippings and printed materials related to "men's liberation" and related critiques of traditional gender roles can be found in this series. Copies of some writings by Nichols, notably the serialized Calamus Chronicles (originally The Tomcat Chronicles), as well as some clippings of articles and editorials written for Florida newspapers are housed in this series. Organized alphabetically.
Consists of personal and business correspondence spanning the entirety of Nichols' adult life, with the bulk of the material dated between 1969 and 2000. Correspondence with other major figures in the early gay rights movement, including fellow Washington D.C. Mattachine Society founder Frank Kameny and Barbara Gittings, are included. While the political climate and need for action are often discussed in letters in this series, correspondence also covers topics of a more personal nature, including health, jobs, and Nichols' efforts to publish his literary work. Letters to and from friends and lovers, particularly Clarke and Logan Carter, are included as well. Additional major correspondents with Nichols include his mother Mary Finlayson Lund, Leo Skir, Bob Kunst, and James T. Sears. Early correspondence chronicles the work of Nichols and Lige Clarke as editors of the national newspaper Gay; later material documents Nichols' struggles to find agents and publishers for various manuscripts. Nichols' work as editor of the online publication Gay Today can be found in the writing and business correspondence grouping. Also included are a grouping of address and appointment books kept by Nichols. Series is predominantly organized by year, though groups of letters separated by Nichols are organized alphabetically by correspondent.
Includes files and ephemera from Nichols' childhood through late in his life. Diplomas, grades, and a certificate of baptism document elements of his early life. Course evaluations from a philosophy class in which his book Men's Liberation was assigned reflect some of the reactions the public had to Nichols' work. Press material and clippings as well as book publishing contracts document the some of the business aspects of his professional life. Personal, medical, and financial papers complete the series. Organized alphabetically.
Nichols Serials Subseries, 1969-2004
Consists of partial runs of serial publications. While most publications focus on gay issues, several serials address alternative spirituality, notably a mostly complete run of the central Florida-based Paradox. Issues of serials in which Nichols published work, particularly Contaxand Et Cetera, are also housed in this series. Some original copies of newspaper publications, including issues of Gay, Gay News, The Gayzette, and Screw, can be found in Oversize Material. Organized alphabetically by title.
Contains files kept by Nichols on a variety of topics, chiefly social issues. Folders of material related to close friend and lover Lige Clarke make up the largest grouping. These include some of Clarke's early school and personal papers as well as correspondence and information related to his violent death during a robbery in Mexico. Documentation of the lives and early deaths of activists Foster Gunnison and David Combs are included along with a file on the suspicious death of New York transvestite Marsha P. Johnson. Nichols' interest in anarchist philosophy and action is documented in the Anarchism grouping, and some information about the New Age group Renewal is housed in this subseries as well. Research material related to writings on Logan Carter and men's liberation complete the series. Organized alphabetically by subject.
Divided into subseries housing Articles, Book Manuscripts, and Writings by Others. The Articles Subseries primarily consists of published articles written by Nichols, notably the Homosexual Citizen (written with Lige Clarke) and Homosexual Anarchist columns written for Screw. Copies of the serial works The Calamus Chronicles (originally The Tomcat Chronicles, which became the basis for his 2004 book The Tomcat Chronicles) and the fictional Drop the Soap are in this subseries; numerous articles written for print and online publications, among them Gay Today and the mainstream Florida Today are included as well. Various articles, poems, and diary entries, some unpublished, make up the rest of the subseries. The Book Manuscript Subseries consists of various drafts of major works by Nichols. His memoir of his life and work with Lige Clarke, first drafted after Clarke's death in 1975 (and variously called Elijahand The Best Thing That Ever Happened to Me) are housed in this subseries, as are many iterations of his unpublished autobiography (at different times titled Evolution of a Friend, With the Love of Comrades, and The Guardian Dragon of Hoo Hoo Park). Other works found in this subseries are his unpublished work on transvestite and transexual identity Sissiesand his published works I Have More Fun With You Than Anybody (with Lige Clarke), The Gay Agenda, The Tomcat Chronicles, and sections of Welcome to Fire Island. Drafts of Nichols' anthology works The Lavender Manifesto and Onan, Onan Uber Alles complete the writings subseries. The Writings by Others Subseries contains drafts of works sent to Nichols, particularly sections of Tiger, Tiger by Louis Campbell (published as Jack Nichols, Gay Pioneer). Works by Vern Bullough, James T. Sears, and Leo Skir are also housed in this series. Organized alphabetically by predominant title.
Comprises large items separated from subseries in the Jack Nichols Papers Series. Chiefly consists of newspaper and magazine clippings pertaining to Nichols' writings and personal interests. Topics include reviews of Nichols' writing, definitions of masculinity, perceptions of the gay community (especially related to gay-bashing or the AIDS epidemic), and politics. Some serial publications, including issues of Gay, Gay News, The Sentinel, and Screw can be found in Oversize Material. In addition, most originals of Nichols' regular columns for Screw, The Homosexual Citizen (with Lige Clarke) and Homosexual Anarchist are included. Organized alphabetically by series.
Oversize Material
Consists almost entirely of printed material - including clippings, magazines, newspapers, and posters - removed from series in the James Sears collection. Arranged in alphabetical order by series name.
Newspapers and other printed materials, arranged by title.
Consists of reviews, announcements of readings and appearances by Sears, and other printed publicity materials.
Reviews, announcements of readings and appearances by Sears, and other printed publicity materials.
Photocopies of newspaper published at The Citadel, Charleston, S.C.
Acc. 2012-0002, 2000s
Files associated with academic journals edited by Sears (boxes 294-299); books written or edited by Sears (boxes: 300, 301, 309-314); the Greater Park Circle Film Society co-founded by Sears (boxes 301, 302, and oversize material); Sears' real estate career (boxes 303 and 304); other writings by Sears (box 304); subject and research files (boxes 305-308); and A/V material (boxes 315-317).
Submissions, correspondence, final article typescripts.
Submissions, correspondence, contracts, final article typescripts. Includes 3.5" floppies.
Submissions, correspondence, final article typescripts.
Submissions, correspondence, final article typescripts.
Submissions, correspondence, final article typescripts. Boxes 298 and 299 have CDs and floppies.
See additional materials in Oversize Folder 1.
VHS tapes of LGBT-themed events, documentaries, TV series, TV news, and student presentations (Box 314: 9 tapes; Box 315: 10 tapes), most labeled. Box 316 has 9 CDs and DVDs of photos and writings (3 of these are Jack Nichols material), all labeled; 6 audiocassettes: 5 contain material related to Sears book, Lonely Hunter, 1 unlabeled; 6 reels (audio): 5th annual Mattachine Society Convention, 1959 and 5 labeled "NACHO 1966" (NACHO=North American Conference of Homophile Organizations).
Historical Note
Chronology
| Date | Event(s) |
|---|---|
| 1951 Aug. 12 | James Thomas Sears born in Tipton, Indiana |
| 1974 | Southern Illinois University, B.S. in history, government, and social psychology Indiana University, M.S. in secondary education |
| 1976 | Masters of Arts in Political Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison |
| 1983 | Anticipating what later came to be known as "queer pedagogy," published Sexuality: Taking off the Masks, in the journal Changing Schools |
| 1983-1984 | Trinity University, San Antonio, Visiting Instructor |
| 1984 | Doctor of Philosophy in Curriculum Studies and Sociology, Indiana University-Bloomington; thesis analyzed teacher education programs at the University of Indiana |
| 1984-1989 | University of South Carolina-Columbia, Assistant Professor |
| 1988 | Published first article on gay issues in education, Peering into the Well of Loneliness, in Social Issues and Education |
| 1987-1988 | President of the National Curriculum Teachers Network |
| 1988 | Founder and first Chairperson of the Lesbian and Gay Studies Special Interest Group of the American Educational Research Association |
| 1988-1991 | Received grants from the United States Information Agency |
| 1989-1992 | South Carolina Policy Center, Senior Research Associate |
| 1989-1993 | University of South Carolina-Columbia, Associate Professor Editor of Empathy: A Magazine of Homophobia Education |
| 1989-1998 | Editor, Teaching Education Journal |
| 1990 | Published Teaching and Thinking about Curriculum: Critical Inquiries (co-editor) |
| 1991 | Publication of Growing up Gay in the South: Race, Gender, and Journeys of the Spirit |
| 1992 | Lesbian and Gay Educators Award, American Educational Research Association Edited Sexuality and the Curriculum: the Politics and Practices of Sexuality Education |
| 1993 | Received First Amendment Award from the American Civil Liberties Union |
| 1993 | Taught controversial course, Christian Fundamentalism and Public Education, University of South Carolina |
| 1993-1994 | University of Southern California, Visiting Scholar at the Center for Feminist Research |
| 1993-2004 | Professor of Curriculum Studies, University of South Carolina-Columbia |
| 1994-1995 | Received grants from the United States Information Agency |
| 1995 | Outstanding Research Publication Award Association for the Supervision and Curriculum Development Fulbright Senior Scholar, Southeast Asia |
| 1997 | ONE Institute (National Gay and Lesbian Archives), Research Fellow University of Wisconsin-Whitewater, Scholar-in-residence Published Lonely Hunters: an Oral History of Lesbian and Gay Southern Life, 1948-1968 |
| 1999 | Lambda GLSEN (Gay, Lesbian and Straight Education Network) Award for Curriculum, Religion and Public Education Publication of A Dangerous Knowing: Sexuality, Pedagogy, and Popular Culture (co-editor) and Queering Elementary Education: Advancing the Dialogue about Sexualities and Schooling (co-editor) |
| 2001 | Harvard University, Visiting Professor Publication of Rebels, Rubyfruit, and Rhinestones: Queering Space in the Stonewall South |
| 2002 | Outstanding Academic Book award for Queering Elementary Education |
| 2005-2008 | Professor, Penn State University, World Campus |
| 2006 | Publication of Behind the Mask of the Mattachine: the Hal Call Chronicles and the Early Movement for Homosexual Emancipation |
| 2009 | Publication of Edwin and John: A Southern Gay Couple's Half Century Journey Together |
Chronology
| Date | Event(s) |
|---|---|
| 1917 Sept. 20 | Harold L. Call born in the state of Missouri |
| 1941-1945 | Enlisted in the Army; fought in the Pacific and was awarded the Purple Heart |
| 1947-1952 | With a degree in journalism from University of Missouri, entered newspaper publishing business and eventually moved to Chicago to work for the Kansas City Star's office there |
| 1952 | Arrested for "lewd acts" in Chicago Moved to San Francisco |
| 1953 | Call and others led a what has been described as a takeover of the Mattachine Foundation, ousting founder Harry Hay, and subsequently formed the Mattachine Society |
| 1954 | Hal Call and his business partner, Donald Lucas, founded the Pan-Graphic Press, which published the Mattachine Review, the Dorian Book Review, and the Town Talk, one of the first gay publications to contain advertising and to be distributed free in gay bars |
| 1955 Feb. | Began publication of the Mattachine Review |
| 1961 | Call provided funding and support for the first openly gay man to run for public office in the U.S. - Jose Sarria for San Francisco city supervisor |
| 1964 | Call attended and participated in a historic conference and retreat between religious leaders and gay rights activists, in Mill Valley, California; the Council on Religion and the Homosexual (CRH) was created out of this meeting, with Call as one of its leaders |
| 1964 | Call and the gay rights movement highlighted in Life magazine and in a CBS documentary by Mike Wallace, first public statement of homosexuality in the U.S. mainstream media |
| 1967 | Call gravitated away from Mattachine Society; founded Adonis Bookstore and later, gay video store in San Francisco |
| 2000 | Death of Hal Call in Daly City, California at the age of 83 |
Chronology
| Date | Event(s) |
|---|---|
| 1938 Mar. 16 | John Richard Nichols born in the state of Washington |
| 1961 | Nichols and Dr. Frank Kameny started the Washington chapter of the Mattachine gay rights organization |
| 1967 | Jack Nichols gives gay rights speech at Bucknell University, Pa., "Why I Joined the Movement" First gay male to appear in nationally televised interview on CBS to speak openly about homosexuality |
| 1972 | Published I Have More Fun With you Than Anybody, early memoir co-authored with Lige Clarke |
| 1997-2004 | Edited GayToday.com, an online daily publication |
| 2004 | Published The Tomcat Chronicles: Erotic Adventures of a Gay Liberation Pioneer, billed as a gay version of Kerouac's On the Road |
| 2005 May 2 | Death of Jack Nichols in Cocoa Beach, Florida |
| 2007 | J. Louis Campbell III published Jack Nichols, Gay Pioneer: "Have You Heard My Message?" (Haworth) |
Subject Headings
- Call, Hal, d. 2000.
- Nichols, Jack.
- Clarke, Lige.
- Sears, James T. (James Thomas), 1951-
- Mattachine Society--History.
- Bisexuality--United States--History.
- Education--Curricula--United States.
- Gays--Identity.
- Gays--United States--Correspondence.
- Gay activists--United States.
- Gay liberation movement--United States--History.
- Gay men--Southern States.
- Gay teenagers--Southern States.
- Gays' writings, American.
- Gender identity.
- Homophobia--United States--History.
- Homosexuality and education.
- Homosexuality--Southern States--Case studies.
- Lesbians--United States--History.
- Philippines--Social conditions.
- Religion in the public schools--United States.
- Sex instruction--Curricula--United States.
- Sexual minorities--Education.
- Sexuality--Philippines.
- Southern States--Social conditions.
- Audiorecordings.
- Electronic media.
- Film.
- Oral histories.
- Photographs.
- Slides.
- Videorecordings.
- Diaries.
Related Material
- Atlanta Lesbian Feminist Alliance Archives (Duke University. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library)
- Jack Nichols Papers (.6 linear feet) (New York Public Library, Manuscripts Division)
- Jack Nichols Papers (Pennsylvania State University)
- Edwin Peacock Papers (Forms part of the Collections on Carson McCullers) (Duke University. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library)
- Julia Penelope Papers (Duke University. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library)
- Minnie Bruce Pratt Papers (Duke University. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library)
- Mab Segrest Papers (Duke University. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library)
- Dawn Langley Simmons Papers (Duke University. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library)
- John Zeigler Papers (Duke University. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library)
Preferred Citation
[Identification of item], James T. Sears Papers, David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library
Provenance
The James T. Sears Papers were received by the David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library as a gift from 1996-2008. Additions are expected.
Processing Information
Processed by Christian Ferney, Ted Holt, Paula Jeannet Mangiafico, Daniel Ruccia, Michael Shumate, and Elizabeth Terry, 2007-2008
Portions of this collection are minimally processed: materials may not have been ordered and described beyond their original condition.
Encoded by Christian Ferney, Ted Holt, Paula Jeannet Mangiafico, Daniel Ruccia, Michael Shumate, and Elizabeth Terry, August 2008
Accessions 96-130, 97-034, 97-0183, 1998-0204, 2000-0151, 2004-0047, 2007-0006, 2007-0059, 2007-0097, and 2008-0025 were merged into one collection, described in this finding aid.
Descriptive sources and standards used to create this inventory: DACS, EAD, NCEAD guidelines, and local Style Guide.
This finding aid is NCEAD compliant.
