Clearly, mothers play a key role in the anti-tuberculosis campaign. Outside the home, Mussolini's "fresh air camps" (top right) did give some poor children and sick children a chance to escape often deleterious environments in the cities, but without penicillin, tuberculosis probably did not show much of a decline in spite of these campaigns. The highly regimented camps had other benefits, however: according to the text (top right), they also served the Fascist programme termed "la difesa della nostra razza" -- "the defence of our race."